- 1931 Dr. Cornelius Rhoads, under the auspices
of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Investigations, infects
human subjects with cancer cells. He later goes on to establish
the U.S. Army Biological Warfare facilities in Maryland, Utah,
and Panama, and is named to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.
While there, he begins a series of radiation exposure
experiments on American soldiers and civilian hospital patients.
-
- 1932 The Tuskegee Syphilis Study begins. 200
black men diagnosed with syphilis are never told of their
illness, are denied treatment, and instead are used as human
guinea pigs in order to follow the progression and symptoms of
the disease. They all subsequently die from syphilis, their
families never told that they could have been treated.
-
- 1935 The Pellagra Incident. After millions of
individuals die from Pellagra over a span of two decades, the
U.S. Public Health Service finally acts to stem the disease. The
director of the agency admits it had known for at least 20 years
that Pellagra is caused by a niacin deficiency but failed to act
since most of the deaths occured within poverty-striken black
populations.
-
- 1940 Four hundred prisoners in Chicago are
infected with Malaria in order to study the effects of new and
experimental drugs to
- combat the disease. Nazi doctors later on
trial at Nuremberg cite this American study to defend their own
actions during the Holocaust.
-
- 1942 Chemical Warfare Services begins mustard
gas experiments on approximately 4,000 servicemen. The
experiments continue until 1945 and made use of Seventh Day
Adventists who chose to become human guinea pigs rather than
serve on active duty.
-
- 1943 In response to Japan's full-scale germ
warfare program, the U.S. begins research on biological weapons
at Fort Detrick, MD.
-
- 1944 U.S. Navy uses human subjects to test gas
masks and clothing. Individuals were locked in a gas chamber and
exposed to mustard gas and lewisite.
-
- 1945 Project Paperclip is initiated. The U.S.
State Department, Army intelligence, and the CIA recruit Nazi
scientists and offer them immunity and secret identities in
exchange for work on top secret government projects in the
United States.
-
- 1945 "Program F" is implemented by
the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). This is the most
extensive U.S. study of the health effects of fluoride, which
was the key chemical component in atomic bomb production. One of
the most toxic chemicals known to man, fluoride, it is found,
causes marked adverse effects to the central nervous system but
much of the information is squelched in the name of national
security because of fear that lawsuits would undermine
full-scale production of atomic bombs.
-
- 1946 Patients in VA hospitals are used as
guinea pigs for medical experiments. In order to allay
suspicions, the order is given to change the word
"experiments" to "investigations" or
"observations" whenever reporting a medical study
performed in one of the nation's veteran's hospitals.
-
- 1947 Colonel E.E. Kirkpatrick of the U.S.
Atomic Energy Comission issues a secret document (Document
07075001, January 8, 1947) stating that the agency will begin
administering intravenous doses of radioactive substances to
human subjects.
-
- 1947 The CIA begins its study of LSD as a
potential weapon for use by American intelligence. Human
subjects (both civilian and military) are used with and without
their knowledge.
-
- 1950 Department of Defense begins plans to
detonate nuclear weapons in desert areas and monitor downwind
residents for medical problems and mortality rates.
-
- 1950 I n an experiment to determine how
susceptible an American city would be to biological attack, the
U.S. Navy sprays a cloud of bacteria from ships over San
Franciso. Monitoring devices are situated throughout the city in
order to test the extent of infection. Many residents become ill
with pneumonia-like symptoms.
-
- 1951 Department of Defense begins open air
tests using disease-producing bacteria and viruses. Tests last
through 1969 and there is concern that people in the surrounding
areas have been exposed.
-
- 1953 U.S. military releases clouds of zinc
cadmium sulfide gas over Winnipeg, St. Louis, Minneapolis, Fort
Wayne, the Monocacy River Valley in Maryland, and Leesburg,
Virginia. Their intent is to determine how efficiently they
could disperse chemical agents.
-
- 1953 Joint Army-Navy-CIA experiments are
conducted in which tens of thousands of people in New York and
San Francisco are exposed to the airborne germs Serratia
marcescens and Bacillus glogigii.
-
- 1953 CIA initiates Project MKULTRA. This is an
eleven year research program designed to produce and test drugs
and biological agents that would be used for mind control and
behavior modification. Six of the subprojects involved testing
the agents on unwitting human beings.
-
- 1955 The CIA, in an experiment to test its
ability to infect human populations with biological agents,
releases a bacteria withdrawn from the Army's biological warfare
arsenal over Tampa Bay, Fl.
-
- 1955 Army Chemical Corps continues LSD
research, studying its potential use as a chemical
incapacitating agent. More than 1,000 Americans participate in
the tests, which continue until 1958.
-
- 1956 U.S. military releases mosquitoes
infected with Yellow Fever over Savannah, Ga and Avon Park, Fl.
Following each test, Army agents posing as public health
officials test victims for effects.
-
- 1958 LSD is tested on 95 volunteers at the
Army's Chemical Warfare Laboratories for its effect on
intelligence.
-
- 1960 The Army Assistant Chief-of-Staff for
Intelligence (ACSI) authorizes field testing of LSD in Europe
and the Far East. Testing of the european population is code
named Project THIRD CHANCE; testing of the Asian population is
code named Project DERBY HAT.
-
- 1965 Project CIA and Department of Defense
begin Project MKSEARCH, a program to develop a capability to
manipulate human behavior through the use of mind-altering
drugs.
-
- 1965 Prisoners at the Holmesburg State Prison
in Philadelphia are subjected to dioxin, the highly toxic
chemical component of Agent Orange used in Viet Nam. The men are
later studied for development of cancer, which indicates that
Agent Orange had been a suspected carcinogen all along.
-
- 1966 CIA initiates Project MKOFTEN, a program
to test the toxicological effects of certain drugs on humans and
animals.
-
- 1966 U.S. Army dispenses Bacillus subtilis
variant niger throughout the New York City subway system. More
than a million civilians are exposed when army scientists drop
lightbulbs filled with the bacteria onto ventilation grates.
-
- 1967 CIA and Department of Defense implement
Project MKNAOMI, successor to MKULTRA and designed to maintain,
stockpile and test biological and chemical weapons.
-
- 1968 CIA experiments with the possibility of
poisoning drinking water by injecting chemicals into the water
supply of the FDA in Washington, D.C.
-
- 1969 Dr. Robert MacMahan of the Department of
Defense requests from congress $10 million to develop, within 5
to 10 years, a synthetic biological agent to which no natural
immunity exists.
-
- 1970 Funding for the synthetic biological
agent is obtained under H.R. 15090. The project, under the
supervision of the CIA, is carried out by the Special Operations
Division at Fort Detrick, the army's top secret biological
weapons facility. Speculation is raised that molecular biology
techniques are used to produce AIDS-like retroviruses.
-
- 1970 United States intensifies its development
of "ethnic weapons" (Military Review, Nov., 1970),
designed to selectively target and eliminate specific ethnic
groups who are susceptible due to genetic differences and
variations in DNA.
-
- 1975 The virus section of Fort Detrick's
Center for Biological Warfare Research is renamed the Fredrick
Cancer Research Facilities and placed under the supervision of
the National Cancer Institute (NCI) . It is here that a special
virus cancer program is initiated by the U.S. Navy, purportedly
to develop cancer-causing viruses. It is also here that
retrovirologists isolate a virus to which no immunity exists. It
is later named HTLV (Human T-cell Leukemia Virus).
-
- 1977 Senate hearings on Health and Scientific
Research confirm that 239 populated areas had been contaminated
with biological agents between 1949 and 1969. Some of the areas
included San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Key West, Panama City,
Minneapolis, and St. Louis.
-
- 1978 Experimental Hepatitis B vaccine trials,
conducted by the CDC, begin in New York, Los Angeles and San
Francisco. Ads for research subjects specifically ask for
promiscuous homosexual men.
-
- 1981 First cases of AIDS are confirmed in
homosexual men in New York, Los Angeles and San Francisco,
triggering speculation that AIDS may have been introduced via
the Hepatitis B vaccine
-
- 1985 According to the journal Science
(227:173-177), HTLV and VISNA, a fatal sheep virus, are very
similar, indicating a close taxonomic and evolutionary
relationship.
-
- 1986 According to the Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences (83:4007-4011), HIV and VISNA are
highly similar and share all structural elements, except for a
small segment which is nearly identical to HTLV. This leads to
speculation that HTLV and VISNA may have been linked to produce
a new retrovirus to which no natural immunity exists.
-
- 1986 A report to Congress reveals that the
U.S. Government's current generation of biological agents
includes: modified viruses, naturally occurring toxins, and
agents that are altered through genetic engineering to change
immunological character and prevent treatment by all existing
vaccines.
-
- 1987 Department of Defense admits that,
despite a treaty banning research and development of biological
agents, it continues to operate research facilities at 127
facilities and universities around the nation.
-
- 1990 More than 1500 six-month old black and
hispanic babies in Los Angeles are given an
"experimental" measles vaccine that had never been
licensed for use in the United States. CDC later admits that
parents were never informed that the vaccine being injected to
their children was experimental.
-
- 1994 With a technique called "gene
tracking," Dr. Garth Nicolson at the MD Anderson Cancer
Center in Houston, TX discovers that many returning Desert Storm
veterans are infected with an altered strain of Mycoplasma
incognitus, a microbe commonly used in the production of
biological weapons. Incorporated into its molecular structure is
40 percent of the HIV protein coat, indicating that it had been
man-made.
-
- 1994 Senator John D. Rockefeller issues a
report revealing that for at least 50 years the Department of
Defense has used hundreds of thousands of military personnel in
human experiments and for intentional exposure to dangerous
substances. Materials included mustard and nerve gas, ionizing
radiation, psychochemicals, hallucinogens, and drugs used during
the Gulf War .
-
- 1995 U.S. Government admits that it had
offered Japanese war criminals and scientists who had performed
human medical experiments salaries and immunity from prosecution
in exchange for data on biological warfare research.
-
- 1995 Dr. Garth Nicolson, uncovers evidence
that the biological agents used during the Gulf War had been
manufactured in Houston, TX and Boca Raton, Fl and tested on
prisoners in the Texas Department of Corrections.
-
- 1996 Department of Defense admits that Desert
Storm soldiers were exposed to chemical agents.
-
- 1997 Eighty-eight members of Congress sign a
letter demanding an investigation into bioweapons use & Gulf
War Syndrome.
-
- © 1998-2000 Health News Network
- All Rights Reserved
-
- http://www.healthnewsnet.com/humanexperiments.html
|
