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Angolan Centers for Teaching Peace ("ACTP") - (in Portuguese: Centro Angolano Para O Ensino Da Paz). For more information, contact Frederic Mvemba Mayembe, Angolan Center for Teaching Peace, Rua Luther King No 101 Bairro das Ingombotas (Maianga), Luanda, Angola. Email frederic_mvemba@hotmail.com ; fax 244-2-449494; web site http://www.peace.ca/angola.htm

The "Antimilitaristic Angolan Initiative for Human Rights" (I.A.A.D.H.) is a anti-war action group by Angolans within and outside Angola and is supported by foreign nationals sympathetic to its aims. We invite new members to join forces and become active in the group. IAADH is a human rights action group. It works according to the principles of grass-roots democracy. These principles are realized in its organisational structures and are applied to all proceedings and dealings within or outside the group. The initiative sees itself as an antimilitarist or anti-war organization independent of party politics but nevertheless taking sides: It speaks up for the concerns of the agonized people of Angola who have been tormented for decades if not centuries. We, the founders of the initiative, firmly believe that after more than three decades of armed strife from which noone has emerged victorious nor defeated the use of arms will never resolve the war in Angola. It is precisely this war which lies at the root of the misery on the entire territory of Angola; it is this war which brings about the hunger and the impoverishment of the people who have been heavily traumatised by massacres and expulsion from their native land, by flight and mining of the ground. For more information: I.A.A.D.H. c/o Antirassistische Initiative, Yorckstr. 59, D-10965 Berlin Germany, Phone: +49-30-7857281, Fax: +49-30-7869984, E-mail: ari@ipn.de ; web site http://www.snafu.de/~usp/iaadh.htm

'Forces of Liberty' in Democratic Republic of Congo - The goal of this site open to all is to bring objective and transparent information to you concerning the events which are happening in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Its objective is to establish an interactive link, giving you the opportunity to exchange ideas or proposals as well as addressing messages to the Leaders of the Forces of Freedom. http://www.congo.co.za/indexen.htm

The Association Africaine de Défense des Droits de l’Homme (ASADHO, previously known as AZADHO) is a group of lawyers, doctors and journalists working for the defence of human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Led by a trained human rights lawyer, ASADHO gathers information through a network covering most regions of the country. Its special reports on human rights issues, which find a wide audience, have made it one of the country’s leading organisations in its field. ASADHO has strongly denounced human rights violations under both president Mobutu’s and president Kabila’s government, and has been attacked by both. Address: 12 Avenue de la Paix, Appartement 18, BP 16737, Kinshasa 1, Democratic Republic of the Congo. tel: +243 (12) 21 174; fax: +243 (12) 21 653. Contact: Guillaume Ngefa Atondoko, president. Publications: Periodique Des Droits de l’Homme, bulletin; Press announcements; Reports on human rights.

The Conseil National des Organisations Non-Gouvernemental de Developpement du Zaire (CNONGD) is the umbrella organisation of Congolese NGOs. Through its regional networks, CNONGD runs peace programmes throughout the country. The organisation has conducted surveys on local ethnic conflicts in Shaba, Kasai and North Kivu provinces in order to help local NGOs develop strategies of conflict resolution or post-conflict reconstruction. In early 1999, CNONGD launched a peace initiative calling for a cease fire, deployment of a peace-keeping force, and a roundtable process for establishing peace and democracy. Address: PO Box 5744, Kinshasa-Gombe, Democratic Republic of the Congo. tel: +243 (88) 26 707; fax: +243 (88) 40 918. Contact: Hamuli Kabarhuza, executive director.

DJIBOUTI:

Sanaag Agricultural Development Organisation - Training workshops and research are the main activities of the Sanaag Agricultural Development Organisation (SADO) in the field of conflict prevention and resolution. The organisation is based in Djibouti but operates in Somalia. Through these activities, SADO aims to provide NGOs in Somalia with skills for handling and understanding conflicts. The organisation works with trainers from local NGOs. Research topics include trends in pastoral institutions and livelihoods and the social, political and resource conflicts these might entail. Address: P.O. Box 10012, Djibouti,
Djibouti; tel: +253 340 749; fax: +253 340 751; Contact: Hassan Mohamed Ali, director. Publications: Pastoral institutions survey, workshop report; Rangeland Tenure Policy, workshop report; Building Partnerships for Peace and Development, workshop report, 1996.

Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) coordinates development in the Horn of Africa. Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, and Uganda are member states. It has established the following three priorities: Infrastructure Development; Food Security and Environment Protection; and Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution and Humanitarian Affairs, reflecting the need to establish peace and security to assure economic development. IGAD leaders have pursued negotiations to end the civil wars in Sudan and Somalia and given priority to the development of an early warning mechanism for the IGAD region. Address: P.O. Box 2653, Djibouti, Republic of Djibouti; tel: +253 354 050; fax: +253 356 994/284; email: IGAD@intnet.dj ; web site http://www.igad.org ; Contact: Tekeste Ghebray, executive secretary. Number of staff: 2. Budget: $100,000 - $500,000.

EGYPT:

Egyptian Government - Egyptian Government On-line http://www.alhokoma.gov.eg/

The Egyptian Presidency - Information pertaining to the Egyptian presidency, political system, cabinet, etc. http://www.presidency.gov.eg/

Al Ahram Centre for Political and Strategic Studies (ACPSS) carries out multidisciplinary research and conducts policy advocacy work on issues related to the Middle East in general, and the Arab-Israeli conflict in particular, including international conflict and conflict resolution, and political, economic, and social aspects of Arab society in general and Egyptian society in particular. The ACPSS targets political leaders, policy makers, political parties and organisations, political parties, government and military officials, policy analysts and researchers, and the media, as well as the general public. Address: Al-Ahram Foundation
Al Galaa Street, Cairo, Egypt; tel: +20 (2) 518 6037; fax: +20 (2) 518 6833/6023; email: acpss@acpss.org ; web site
http://www.acpss.org . Contact: Mohamed el Sayed Said, deputy director. Number of staff: 34. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Strategic Papers, monthly series; Al-Ahram Strategic File, monthly series in arabic; Israeli Digest, monthly publication; Lebanon Under Siege: The Crisis of Peace in the Middle East, 1996.

Arab Organization for Human Rights - Although the activities of the Arab Organization for Human Rights are centred mainly around human rights, conflict prevention is also part of the work, especially in terms of research, fact-finding and publishing. The organisation, which is active throughout the Arab world, has a programme on conflict prevention and resolution in Somalia. It cooperates with the United Nations. Address: 91 Al-Marghany, Heliopolis - Cairo, 11341 Egypt; tel: +20 (2) 418 1396/8378
fax: +20 (2) 418 5346; email: aohr@linkcom.eg ; web site http://aohr.org ; Contact: Ibrahim Allam, executive director. Number of staff: 10. Publications: Arab Organization for Human Rights, monthly newsletter; Almonazzama Alarabiya Lihoqouq Alinsan - Nashra Ikhbariya, arabic newsletter; Hoqouq Alinsan Filwatan Alarabi, quarterly; Alkitab Alsanaoui Lihoqouq Alinsan Filwatan Alarabi, arabic newsletter; Special bulletins

Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS) is primarily a human rights advocacy group, involved in research and training. In 1999, it organised, in collaboration with the Moroccan Organisation for Human Rights, the First International Conference of the Arab Human Rights Movement. The advancement of this movement has been a constant concern of CIHRS. The Institute has built up a major network of human rights advocates and experts throughout the region and acted for some time as the secretariat for the incipient Arab Regional Working Group for Human Rights. Address: 9 Roustom Street, Garden City, P.O. Box 117, Cairo 11516
Egypt; tel: +20 (2) 355 1112; fax: +20 (2) 354 4200; email: cihrs@idsc.gov.eg . Contact: Bahey El. Din Hassan, director.
Publications: Sawasiah, bulletin; Rowaq Arabi, quarterly journal; Challenges facing the Arab Human Rights Movement, 1997
The Peace Process implications for democracy and human rights, 1997, conference report.

Egyptian Organization for Human Rights (EOHR) works as an advocate for full respect for all internationally accepted human rights and personal liberties, be they civil, political, economic, social or cultural rights, for the end of the practice of torture, and the promotion of women’s rights. EOHR monitors the human rights situation in Egypt and pursues legislative reform to bring Egyptian law and practice into accordance with international human rights covenants and conventions. It publishes periodicals, pamphlets, new releases, and an annual report on the human rights situation in Egypt. Address: 8/10 Matahaf El-Manyal Street, 10th Floor
Manyal El Roda, Cairo, Egypt. tel: +20 (2) 363 6811/0467; fax: +20 (2) 362 1613; email: eohr@link.com.eg ; web site
http://www.eohr.org.eg ; Contact: Mr. Hafez Abu-Se’da, secretary general. Publications: Huqooq Al Insaan, human rights magazine; EOHR News, news bulletin; In Defense of Human Rights, annual anthology; Annual Report on the human rights situation in Egypt.

Ibn Khaldun Center for Development (ICD) was established in 1988 to promote the linkage of social research and public policy in Egypt and the Arab world. ICD is a non-profit organisation carrying out a program of research and advocacy. In addition to carrying out research of its own, it conducts commissioned research and provides training services to governmental and non-governmental organisations on issues of development and public policy. Additional activities include the organisation of seminars and conferences, and the publication and dissemination of information. ICD is involved in a variety of programs aimed at preventing or resolving conflicts. These include: 1) Ethnic, Religious and Racial Minorities in the Arab World - a program which monitors, documents, and analyses information about minorities in the Arab world; creates awareness of issues related to monitoring and protecting the human rights of minority groups; and disseminates information on developments related to the treatment of minorities to opinion leaders and policy makers to effect policy changes. 2) Ibn Khaldun’s People Fund - direct assistance to disadvantaged citizens to enhance their ability to confront problems and meet their own needs. The Ibn Khaldun People’s Fund is currently proving micro-credits to former Islamic militants with the aim of improving their socio-economic position and creating economic opportunities as an alternative to violence rebellion. ICD plans to expand the program to other communities in the Arab world.

3) Making Egyptian Education Minority Sensitive - preparation of educational materials about Egyptian Christians and advocacy to incorporate materials into school curricula and library collections. ICD also operates an ongoing program on ‘Civil Society and Democratisation’, which includes such activities as election monitoring, publication of a monthly newsletter, and maintenance of a database on Civil Society. Address: 17, Street 12 Mokkatam, P.O.Box 13, Cairo, Egypt; tel: +20 (2) 508 0662/3; fax: +20 (2) 508 1030; email: ibnkldon@idsc1.gov.eg ; web site http://www.ned.org/page_3/ICDS/ ; Contact: Saad Eddin Ibrahim, director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Civil Society, newsletter; Annual Report.

National Center for Middle East Studies carries out research, including research focused on conflict resolution and consults on policy issues. The organisation conducts workshops aimed at creating awareness about conflict prevention and resolution and resolving domestic and regional problems. It is involved in the FORWARD program, providing training for stakeholders and conducting consensus building. In association with Search for Common Ground, the Center plans to establish a Center for Conflict Prevention. A series of Arab language conflict resolution papers is also planned, supported by the government of Finland. Address: PO Box 18, Bab el Louk, Cairo 11513, Egypt; tel: +20 (2) 577 0041/2; fax: +20 (2) 577 0063; Contact: Maher Khalifa, programme & research director.

ETHIOPIA:

Ethiopian Parliament - The Parliament of Ethiopia Website. http://www.ethiopar.net/

African Women Committee on Peace and Development (AWCPD) was established in 1998 to increase the effective participation of women in peace and development processes on the continent. The committee embraces as its guiding principle the view that war cannot be an option for resolving conflict. The committee seeks to support the networking of women’s peace-building mechanisms in Africa and to identify, articulate and seek ways and means of addressing women-specific experiences of conflict. It also works to ensure that the needs of refugees, returned refugees, and displaced women and children are adequately addressed.
Address: c/o Organization of African Unity, P.O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; tel: +251 (1) 517200; fax: +251 (1) 514416/512785; Contact: Mrs. H. G. Sellassie. Number of staff: 2 in HQ, 16 committee members. Budget: $500,00 - $1,000,000

Since its founding in 1992, the Ethiopian Peace and Development Committee’s core activities have shifted more and more towards conflict prevention and resolution, focusing on the Horn of Africa. The Committee has a conflict prevention and resolution department. Training, education and research are the main activities. The Committee’s office in the United States carries out part of the theoretical work on conflict resolution. The organisation aims to consolidate issues like human rights promotion and democracy and development into civil society, mainly in the marginal parts of Ethiopia. Address: P.O. Box 41879, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; tel: +251 (1) 511 966; fax: +251 (1) 515 714; Contact: Yusuf Hassen Noah, executive director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Annual report.

Inter-Africa Group is a non-partisan regional organisation working to advance humanitarian principles, peace and development in the greater Horn of Africa region through programmes which combine research, dialogue, public education and advocacy. Through expert consultations, brainstorming sessions and efforts to sensitise public opinion, the Inter-Africa Group promotes greater awareness and understanding of victims of disaster and armed conflict and assists in developing national and international consensus to effect coherent and timely responses. Address: .O. Box 1631, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ; tel: +251 (1) 518 790
fax: +251 (1) 517 554; email: iag@telecom.net.et ; web site http://www.interafrica.org ; Contact: Abdul Mohammed, chairman .
Number of staff: 15 at HQ. Publications: The Monthly Update, newsletter; The Humanitarian Forum, quarterly.

In the past decade, the Organization of African Unity (OAU) has taken concrete steps to respond to violent crisis situations by establishing the Conflict Management Division, and the ‘Mechanism for Conflict Prevention, Management and Resolution’ (MCPMR). Since its inception in 1993, the Mechanism has deployed observer missions to conflict areas including Rwanda, Burundi, and Liberia, and supported ongoing peace processes in Sierra Leone, the Central African Republic, the Great Lakes Region, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Republic of Congo. To support the Mechanism, the OAU has set up the OAU Peace Fund. Six percent of the OAU budget is devoted to this Peace Fund, which is supplemented by additional voluntary contributions from OAU Member States and donors. Furthermore, the OAU has established an Early Warning System to improve the efficient functioning of the Peace Mechanism. Additional initiatives taken by the OAU include a multi-facetted commitment to support democratic processes in Africa, by setting up election monitoring teams that are in place at the early stages of electoral processes; and the establishment of the African Women’s Committee on Peace and Development. The OAU is also taking concrete steps through its ‘Building Partnership with Civil Society Organizations’ programme to strengthen the foundations of civil society in the belief that civil society constitutes an influential force in the processes of democratisation, peaceful resolution of conflicts and socio-economic development. Goals of the programme include stimulation of networking and resource sharing among the diverse participants in civil society (NGOs, grassroots organisations, academic institutions, media, etc.); collaboration between the OAU and civil society organisations to promote good governance, democracy, respect for the rule of law and the promotion of human rights; and greater involvement of civil society in peace-making activities and involvement in the OAU Conflict Management Mechanism to enhance its effectiveness. Address: P.O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; tel: +251 (1) 513 822; fax: +251 (1) 519 274; web site http://www.oau-oua.org ; Contact: Sam Ibok, head of Conflict Management Division. Number of staff: 10 (in Conflict Management Division). Budget: > $1,000,000

GAMBIA:

African Centre for Democracy and Human Rights Studies Background: The excesses of some African governments in the violation of human rights, to consolidate their grip on power after independence, forced pressure groups both within and outside the continent to lobby the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), to establish a human rights protection mechanism in the Africa. In July 1979, the OAU Assembly of Heads of State and Government met in Monrovia, Liberia and passed a resolution calling on the OAU Secretary General to form a committee of experts which would draft an African Charter on Human and People's Rights. The Charter was to provide, among other things, "mechanisms to promote and protect the rights of the African people". The Centre's activities are carried out in four main units: Management; Training; Information and Documentation; and Legal and Research. More than ever before, the African Centre now serves as a bridge between the African human rights NGOs, the governments and the general public. It also acts as a valuable resource in disseminating valuable information on the activities of various human rights bodies and the human rights situations in various African countries. For more information: Kairaba Avenue, Kombo St. Mary Division, The Gambia; Tel: (220) 394525; 394961 - Fax: 394962; E-Mail: acdhrs@acdhrs.gm ; web site http://www.acdhrs.gm/

Government of Republic of The Gambia - Welcome to the Official Site of the Republic of The Gambia. http://www.gambia.com/

People in Action focuses primarily on food security and environmental degradation. This non-profit organisation has training and implementation programmes on food security, environmental management, sustainable livelihood, forest management, and women’s empowerment. It also organises community workshops. As yet, only a small part of People in Action’s efforts have been aimed at conflict prevention and resolution activities, mainly in the area of training. Address: PO Box 1028, 220 Banjul, The Gambia; tel: +220 497 771/390 776; fax: +220 497 772; Contact: Momodou Jobarteh, director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000.

People Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism http://www.gambianews.com/clientwebs/pdois/index.htm

THE WORLD PEACE PRAYER SOCIETY, THE GAMBIA CHAPTER, MINTEH KUNDA, 25 TOUBA SANCHABA RD., SANCHABA, KANIFING MUNICIPALITY, P.M.B 634, SERREKUNDA, THE GAMBIA, WEST AFRICA; TEL: (+220) 914 886; TEL/FAX: (+220) 460 791; Email: gambiaworldpeaceprayersociety@yahoo.com . Click on link for detailed information.

GHANA:

ActionAid Ghana is a development organisation that embraces conflict prevention and resolution activities as an integral part of its work. Its Peace and Reconciliation Sector operates a pilot peace education programme in junior and senior secondary schools in Northern Ghana, with the goal of providing the students with conflict resolution skills and attitudes. ActionAid Ghana is also involved in community conflict resolution initiatives, through workshops, seminars and training programmes. Address: P.O. Box 19083, Accra-North, Ghana; tel: +233 (21) 764 931/2; fax: +233 (21) 764 930; email: aaghana@africaonline.com.gh ; Contact: Isaac Richard Osei, programme coordinator; Number of staff: 2; Budget: $100,000 - $500,000; Publications: Teachers’ Source Book, manual

Although the African Development Programme, based in Accra, Ghana is primarily a development organisation, it has shifted a small portion of its resources to conflict resolution activities in response to communal violence in Northern Ghana. Its Governance Programme aims to encourage dialogue as a tool to prevent, manage, and resolve conflict and to promote good governance. The programme operates in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Elements of the programme include mediation, citizen diplomacy, and an early warning system. Address: P.O. Box 3918, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana; tel: +233 (21) 306 345; fax: +233 (21) 306 345/662 035; email: chasadp@africaonline.com.gh ; Contact: Charles Abbey, executive director; Budget: < $25,000

The Centre for Conflict Resolution (CENCOR) was established to promote peace in Ghana and other West African countries, mainly through research, education and training. It serves as a secretariat for major peace initiatives and undertakes campaigns together with other networks and institutions. Among the programme focus areas are the participation of women in public life, the role of youth in conflict resolution, and peacekeeping education. CENCOR is taking a leading role in developing and building support for proposals focusing on the control of light weapons in the West African region. Address: P.O. Box 33 Legon, Accra
Ghana; tel: +233 (21) 773 049; fax: +233 (21) 761 744; email: cencor@africaonline.com.gh ; Contact: Arnold Quainoo, executive director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000 . Publications: The Bridge, journal

The mission of the Centre for Democracy and Development (CDD) is to promote democracy, good governance and development in Ghana in particular and Africa in general. In doing so, CDD seeks to foster ideals of liberty, enterprise and integrity in government and society. In this regard, the CDD has organised seminars on conflicts and conflict management in Ghana. Address: PO Box 404, Legon-Accra, Ghana; tel: +233 (21) 763 029/776 142; fax: +233 (21) 763 028; email: cdd@ghana.com ; Contact: E. Gyimah-Boadi, director. Number of staff: 10. Budget: < $25,000 . Publications: Briefing Paper, occasional paper. Critical Perspectives, occasional paper

Foundation for International Human Development & Environmental Studies, P.O BOX AN5425, Accra-North Ghana-West-Africa, TEL:+233-21-665785; FAX:+233-21-662210/306367; email FIHDES@USA.NET ; contact person: Jesse Tettey Amesimeku, President/CEO fihdes_j@yahoo.co.uk. Office location: 4th floor American Kojo Thompson Road Tudu Accra opposite Stanchart Bank. Our organization function: we are affiliated with UNESCO in the dissemination of peace through the Manifesto 2000 Programs of the International Year of a Culture for Peace. We are in the process of signing an international partnership agreement with UNESCO. Our plan, mission, goals and objectives are to promote peace in our localities, on the national level, organizing peace conferences, attending international conferences to interact with other peace builder organizations who promote peace. We have human development programs and environmental studies as goals and objectives. Click here to read more.

Government of Ghana - The Official government site of Ghana. http://www.ghana.gov.gh/

Mediation & Change is a non-profit NGO specialised in conflict prevention and mediation in West Africa. It also works on human rights and democracy. It organises non-violence workshops conducted by outreach teams, as well as conferences. Besides training, the activities of Mediation & Change include fact-finding, early warning and mediation. One of the activities of the centre is a programme in which Christian and Muslim people from Nigeria and Sierra Leone are brought together. The program tries to create awareness for tolerance and peaceful co-existence through dialogue between the two religious groups. It co-operates with Responding to Conflict in the United Kingdom. Address: P.O. Box 5945, Cantonments, Accra, Ghana; tel: +233 (21) 778 507;
fax: +233 (21) 778 500; email: ben@AfricaOnline.com.gh ; Contact: Kwesi Aaku, facilitator. Budget: < $25,000

We are a group of young journalists in Ghana into human rights, peace and conflict resolution. Our organisation Non-violence International Ghana basically does advocacy because we are reporters by writing to highlight human rights issues and calling on the authorities that be to act. For more information, contact: Jackson Seibik-Bugri, Non-violence international, Post office 230, Abeka Accra. Ghana tel +233, 277325; email seibik@hotmail.com

Peaceful Solution Society of Ghana operates as NGO to encourage creative activities to foster understanding and respect for diversity and oneness of the human family through Peaceful work in the Arts, Education, Communication, Friendship supporting the United Nations in realizing its mission of World Peace. And to consciously and actively involve every individual in solving worldwide problems of conflict, stuggles, poverty, hunger, diseases and environmental destruction by pollution and hence species extinction. To evolve the individual's ability to accept responsibility to his or her mission as an individual member of the human race while ensuing unity and to create the respect for all differences be it of race, ethnic groups, traditions and customs devoid of discrimination of any sort. For more information: Kofi Duku Taylor, Excecutive Director, Peaceful Solution Society of Ghana, P.O.Box SP 267, Saltpond,Ghana, W/Africa. Tel/fax:233-42-34535; E-mail: peacesolut@another.com

The West Africa Network for Peacebuilding (WANEP) is a network of peace-building practitioners and organisations in West Africa. It aims to serve as an enabling and facilitating mechanism for peace builders and to provide a forum for the exchange of experience and information on issues of human rights; conflict resolution/transformation; social, religious and political reconciliation; and peace building. WANEP carries out research on West African approaches to conflict resolution and publishes the results, operates a peace-building internship program, and works to rehabilitate and re-integrate ex-combatants, especially ex-child soldiers, into post-war West African societies. Address: AMPOMAH House 3rd, 37 Dzorwulu High Way, P.O. Box CT 4434, Cantonments, Accra, Republic of Ghana; tel: +233 (21) 221 318/221 388; fax: +233 (21) 221 735; email: wanep@africaonline.com.gh ; Contact: Samuel Gbaydee Doe, executive director. Budget: $100,000 - $500,000. Publications: Newsletter; Training materials

GUINEA:

Government of the Republic of Guinea - The Official site of the Republic of Guinea. http://www.guinee.gov.gn/

IVORY COAST:

Office of the President of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire - Site dedicated to the president and constitution of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire. http://www.pr.ci/

KENYA:

All Africa Conference of Churches - Because of the escalation of conflicts since the end of the Cold War, conflict prevention and resolution have become the main priority of the All Africa Conference of Churches. The Conference responds whenever member churches invite it to help. In the field of conflict prevention and resolution, the major activities are mediation, citizen diplomacy, fact-finding and early warning. In Rwanda, Burundi and Congo, the Conference carries out a specific programme concerned with initiating a dialogue amongst conflicting parties, in order to search for common ground. This programme is supported by churches from all over the world. Address: P.O. Box 14205, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 441 483/441 338; fax: +254 (2) 443 241; email: mulunda@insight.com . Contact: Ngoy D. Mulunda-Nyanga, executive secretary. Budget: $100,000 - $500,000

The Africa Peace Forum (APFO) is an organisation engaged in research and advocacy around peace and security issues in the Horn of Africa and the Great Lakes Region. APFO encourages collaborative approaches to the pursuit of peace and security and promotes community-based peace initiatives. Its specific areas of research interest include political and constitutional reform, demilitarisation, mediation, community participation in peace processes and conflict management structures. Project activities include collaborative research, workshops, and a recently launched internship program. APFO acts as lead agency in FEWER’s Great Lakes project. Address: P.O. Box 76621, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 574 092/6; fax: +254 (2) 561 357; email: kilenem@africaonline.co.ke . Contact: Raymond Kiteva, coordinator. Number of staff: 6. Budget: < $25,000

Amani People’s Theatre - Amani is Swahili for ‘peace’. The Amani People’s Theatre (APT) makes use of theatre, performance, and a ‘multi-arts approach’ in its work as an advocate for peace and nonviolence. APT works at the grassroots level in local communities, at youth conferences and at peace festivals in Kenya, encouraging participants to respond proactively to conflict. It also offers intermediate-level training in leadership and conflict transformation. Over the next few years, the Theatre will be researching Afro-centric models of peace-making which might be applied to conflict situations. Address: P.O. Box 13909, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 576 175; fax: +254 (2) 577 892; email: apt@maf.org . Contact: Babu Ayindo. Number of staff: 5. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Mbiu, the Call of the Artiste-Peacebuilder, quarterly newsletter.

The Association of Evangelicals in Africa-Commission on Relief and Development (ARDC) is involved in programmes of national reconciliation, conflict prevention/transformation and community reconstruction through its network of member and partner groups across the continent. It has been active in conflict areas including Rwanda, Burundi, Liberia, Mozambique and the Horn of Africa. The organisation is currently involved in a situation assessment in Northern Uganda and Southern Sudan to assess the vulnerability of various sectors of the civilian population. Address: O Box 49332, Nairobi, Kenya. tel: +254 (2) 722 769/714 977; fax: +254 (2) 710 254; email: AEA@MAF.org . Contact: Stephen Mugabi, executive secretary

The Centre for Conflict Resolution promotes constructive, creative, co-operative approaches to the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts. It carries out public education and awareness campaigns, assesses the scope and nature of social conflicts in Kenya, and serves a liaison function in working to improve dialogue, negotiation and mediation services. Address: P.O. Box 15626, Nakuru, Kenya; tel: +254 (372) 12 435; fax: +254 (372) 61 442; email: eu-cs@net2000ke.com . Contact: Machira Appolos, director. Publications: Ethnicity, Violence and Democracy - The Kenyan Experience, 1998

Family Mediation and Conciliation (FAMEC) is dedicated to helping families resolve conflicts constructively, co-operatively and amicably through provision of professional and creative mediation and conciliation training and services. Its vision is to see families that have been empowered to view conflicts positively as opportunities to grow, restore and enhance meaningful and supportive relationships. Through our mediation services and training seminars, we help family members learn how to change their attitudes and bahaviours in order to deal with conflicts effectively, to restore broken relationships, avoid future conflicts and maintain healthy lifes and relationships. We empower and encourage parties to forgive, heal and reconcile, and help them work through the conflict until they find mutually satisfying settlements or solutions to disputes. Some of the conflicts we help resolve are: - Divorce, Separation, marital disharmony, custody, child and spousal support, family business and property, child/parent, parent/child/school, interfamily, burial, succession and inheritance, wills and trusts, extended family relationships, cohabitation and adoption. Address: P.O.Box 3659, 00100 Nairobi, KENYA, Tel. 254 2 211369, Fax 254 2 210138, email jkmbaabu@africaonline.co.ke, Contact: Joy K. Mbaabu, Executive Director.

The International Resource Group on Disarmament and Security in the Horn of Africa (IRG), established in 1994 by a group of non-governmental humanitarian and policy organisations, explores peaceful means of resolving conflict and promotes alternative security structures and disarmament measures. Its strategies are to engage relevant actors in rethinking security issues and to undertake research to create the basis for discussion and dialogue. It also encourages NGOs to develop humanitarian and development efforts so as to create conditions which contribute to peace, facilitate the demobilisation of armed forces and encourage the development of civil society. One of the IRG’s goals is to forge links between the international civil society community and those engaged in ongoing efforts within local civil society to address humanitarian and national security concerns. Such efforts are often impeded by the limited ‘political space’ in which local civil society can operate, so a key objective of the IRG is the expansion of political space for civil society in the Horn of Africa. A second key objective is to promote a culture of openness and transparency to challenge prevailing assumptions that secrecy contributes to enhanced security. The IRG therefore encourages the view that information is a public resource rather than the property of the elite, and sponsors workshops and consultations for discussion on security issues based on publicly available information. A third objective is to enhance local research and analysis capacity, and the knowledge base from public discourse flows. The IRG’s current programmes revolve around a number of themes, including: the creation of mechanisms for addressing the regional arms trade and the flow of small arms; the development of a responsive regional security architecture; the development of accountable civilian governance authority over military forces; and a focus on the links between environment and security. Address: P.O. Box 76621, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 574 092/6; fax: +254 (2) 561 357; email: kilenem@africaonline.co.ke ; web site http://www.ploughshares.ca/content/BUILD%20PEACE/IRG.html . Contact: Josephine Odera, programme manager. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000

Kibera Youth Programme for Peace and Development (KYPPEDE) is a community based youth peace organization that aims at promoting peaceful coexistance between people that are living in Kibera slum. The organization serves almost 1 million people that reside in this area with much empasis in youth who in the past have been seen as perpetrators of violence. We are looking forward to see and work with the youth to make them agents of peaceful and sustainable development. For many years many people have lost their lives in this slum to ethnic and religious violence and since the formation of thsi programme, alot of achievements have been realised. However, as a young organization, we need to get more of experience and interaction with different people and perhaps exposure. KYPPEDE is currently not only works in Kibera but also in the entire Nairobi city, Trying to sensitize local people on issues related to small arms, insecurity and peaceful coexistence. As a member of IANSA we stand to save lives by stopping gunning. For more information: Odhiambo Kennedy, Coordinator, Kibera Youth Programme for Peace and Development-KYPPEDE, email kenodhiss@yahoo.com

Sweden’s Life & Peace Institute (LPI) is an international and ecumenical centre for peace research and action. Established by the Swedish Ecumenical Council in 1985, LPI aims to further the causes of justice, peace and reconciliation through a combination of research, seminars and publications. LPI’s Horn of Africa Programme, based in Nairobi, combines research with practical support for grassroots peace building initiatives in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia/Somaliland, Sudan, Kenya, Uganda, Burundi and Rwanda. LPI’s Somali Programme offers assistance in developing bottom-up structures of governance and encompasses a civic education programme addressing topics such as participatory democracy and conflict resolution/peace building. The education programme is aimed primarily at women, elders, media workers, artists, and local NGO staff. The Somali Programme also provides support for locally initiated, bottom-up reconciliation efforts, includes an advocacy component, and involves research on conflict transformation issues. In Sudan, LPI works in partnership with organisations operating in the south of the country, providing conflict transformation training to local staff, who then provide training to peace volunteers working at the community level. It has carried out a study of the causes of ethnic conflict in Ethiopia. With the emergence of Eritrea as an independent state, LPI has undertaken an extensive study of the challenge of repatriating and integrating 400,000 Eritrean refugees who fled to Sudan during the independence struggle. In Burundi, LPI supports research investigating traditional conflict management mechanisms. It has also provided conflict transformation and peace-building training for regional organisations, including the Inter-Governmental Authority for Development. Also on a regional basis, LPI has undertaken a study focusing on the potential for economic and political co-operation among the nations of the Horn of Africa. The findings are presented in ‘Trading Places’. Address: P.O. Box 21186, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 561 158/570 696; fax: +254 (2) 570 614; email: lpihap@users.africaonline.co.ke ; web site http://www.nordnet.se/lpi . Contact: Johan Svensson, regional representative. Number of staff: 9. Publications: Research reports; The Horn of Africa Bulletin; Ready and Willing...but still waiting. Eritrean refugees in Sudan and the dilemmas of return, Horn of Africa series; Trading Places, 1997; Building the Peace. Experiences of Collaborative Peacebuilding in Somalia 1993 - 1996

The Nairobi Peace Initiative (NPI) is developing and practising a multi-disciplinary, holistic approach to conflict in Africa, with the view that conflict prevention is an integral element of peace-building and conflict transformation. The Nairobi Peace Group, as NPI was known prior to 1990, sought to raise public awareness of the nature and consequences of African conflicts, sensitise people and institutions to the need for peaceful settlements, stimulate discussion on peace and development, and engage in informal diplomacy. It saw its principal role as that of a catalyst for motivating and inspiring churches, ecumenical organisations, academic institutions, NGOs and government agencies to take up peace-making. With time, the Group became more and more aware of the need to go beyond raising awareness of the devastating effects of violent conflict and to engage directly in assisting parties to search for peaceful solutions. In 1990, therefore, NPG embarked on a new course and changed its name to NPI to reflect this. Since then, it has developed into an indigenous African peace resource organisation directly involved in peace-making, peace-building and conflict resolution training, both at grassroots and political leadership levels. NPI also seeks to build local capacity through training people in conflict situations in peace-making and peace-building skills relevant to their respective communities. Obviously, the organisation is not engaged in partisan advocacy, but provides its services only in the context of a mediation or conciliation framework or in pre-negotiation processes leading to mediation. To date, it has worked in Angola, Burundi, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Somalia, South Africa and Sudan. NPI networks extensively with civil society organisations throughout the continent. These include NGOs, church-based and community organisations and specialised conflict resolution organisations in Africa. The organisation also co-operates with the Eastern Mennonite University in the USA and Justapaz in Colombia. Address: P.O. Box 14894, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 441 444/440 098; fax: +254 (2) 442 533/445 177/440 098; email: npi@africaonline.co.ke . Contact: George Wachira, director. Number of staff: 4. Budget: Fluctuating. Publications: Peacemaking and Democratization in Africa: Theoretical Perspectives and Church Initiatives, 1996; ‘Peace and Reconciliation as a Paradigm: A Philosophy of Peace and its Implications on Conflict, Governance and Economic Growth in Africa’, 1993, Monograph series

The National Council of Churches of Kenya (NCCK) is an umbrella organisation for Kenyan churches and church-related organisations. The NCCK has been an advocate for an open and democratic society for many years, choosing a strategy of ‘creative engagement’ and serving as the ‘voice of the voiceless’. The NCCK has investigated inter-communal violence, provided relief to victims of ethnic clashes, and operates the multi-faceted NCCK Peace and Rehabilitation Project with the objective of helping to prevent communal violence through dialogue, inter-cultural activities, and the establishment of an early warning system.
Address: Church House, MOI Avenue, P.O. Box 45009, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 338 211; fax: +254 (2) 215 169. Contact: Rose Barmasai, peace and reconciliation coordinator. Number of staff: 300. Budget: > $1,000,000. Publications: The Update on peace and reconciliation, bulletin

The Peace and Human Rights Network (PHRN) is a non-clan based organisation which came into being in February 1997 when some twenty organisations atttended a workshop in order to analyse the conflict situation. Among the participants were human rights organisations, the Somali Olympic Committee, other NGOs, journalists, teachers, community leaders and ex-militia members. They decided on the spot to form this network organisation. Their most conspicuous activity so far has been the organisation of a peace demonstration on March 8, 1998 which was attended by one hundred thousand people. Address: P.O. Box 71335, Nairobi, Kenya; tel/fax: +252 121 5048; email: phrn@compuserve.com

People for Peace in Africa (PPA) is a voluntary ecumenical association of people committed to initiating and supporting peace activities in East Africa and the Great Lakes Region. It sponsors reconciliation workshops, engages in peace education and awareness raising activities, provides mediation services, and acts as a policy advocate on peace and reconciliation issues.
Address: P.O. Box 14877, Nairobi, Kenya; tel/fax: +254 (2) 441 372; email: ppa@AfricaOnline.co.ke . Contact: Joseph A’Ngala, director. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Newsletter, Bulletin, Training materials

Kenyan Government - Kenya Government - Official Presidential Web Site. http://www.kenyastatehouse.go.ke/

Kenyan Human Rights Initiative - (KHRI) is a network of worldwide volunteers promoting awareness of the political and human rights situation in Kenya. We are particularly interested in assisting Kenyans continue their progress toward a more open and full democracy, with basic human freedoms available to all citizens. http://www.spidergraphics.com/khr/khrdef.html

National Development Party - KENYA is in a state of deepening political, economic and social crisis. It is a crisis that has been caused by inadequacies of government since independence from Britain in 1963. http://www.arcc.or.ke/ndp/Manifest.htm

The Refugee Consortium of Kenya conducts advocacy, public education, and networking among and on behalf of refugees in East Africa. Phone: + 254 2 560 418 Phone: + 254 2 565 508 Fax: + 254 2 565 506

LESOTHO:

Friends of Lesotho - FOL is a non-profit organization promoting friendship between the peoples of Lesotho and North America. Friends of Lesotho (FOL) is comprised of former Peace Corps volunteers and others who share this desire. http://www.friendsoflesotho.org/

Lesotho Government - Lesotho Government - Government information about legislation, the executive branch, and political parties. http://www.emulateme.com/lesotho.htm

Permanent Mission of the Kingdom of Lesotho to the United Nations - Lesotho has been a member of the United Nations since she gained her independence in 1966. During that time she has tried to live within the norms established by the international community through the United Nations. http://www.undp.org/missions/lesotho/

Political Leaders of Lesotho - List all the political leaders of Lesotho and the dates when they were operating as leaders. http://www.terra.es/personal2/monolith/lesotho.htm

LIBERIA:

Africa Peace Mission, an international charity based in Liberia, has been involved since early 1999 in three community-based peace transformation projects which incorporate teamwork and conflict management workshops into a more comprehensive program including health and development components. An important element of the organisation’s work is to address the psychological traumas resulting from violent conflict. Staff members include a clinical psychologist and a psychotherapist with a background in social work. Address: c/o Institute for Peace, Health & Development, P.O. Box 1920, Musu apt. St Edward’s Parish, Logan Town, Monrovia, Liberia; tel: +231 225 953/226 804/5; fax: +231 227 838/226 805; Contact: Francis B. Selemo. Number of staff: 5

Catholic Justice and Peace Commission (JPC) has played an important role in monitoring and reporting on human rights violations in Liberia. It publishes ‘Situational Reports’ and broadcasts a radio program, ‘The Justice and Peace Forum’. JPC provides legal aid and coordinates the Human Rights Fact-Finding Documentation and Reporting Program. The JPC endeavours to work concretely for reconciliation in Liberia through its Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding programme, which includes training, workshops, and the promotion of dialogue and tolerance at the local level, utilising existing traditional mechanisms where possible.

Address: Ashmun Street, P.O. Box 10-3569, 1000 Monrovia 10, Liberia; tel: + 231 227 657 / 225 930; fax: +231 226 006 / 227 838; email: JPC@liberia.net ; Contact: Samul Kofi Woods, director. Number of staff: 6 at national head office. Publications: Situation report, regular bulletin

Center for Democratic Empowerment (CEDE) was established in 1994 by former president Amos Sawyer. CEDE organises and sponsors training sessions, seminars and conferences on issues related to democracy promotion, peace building, human rights and sustainable development. It also provides consultancy services at all levels of government on the creation of democratic institutions. The Center operates a Peace-Building & Security Program. Notable activities have included a national conference on reconciliation and healing, a seminar on Liberia’s transition to democracy, a post-election roundtable, and a roundtable bringing together representatives of security agencies and the media. Address: 11a Broad Street, Snapper Hill, P.O. Box 10-3679, 1000 Monrovia 10, Liberia; tel: +231 226 959/393; fax: +231 228 003/226 416; email: cede@libnet.net ; Contact: Conmany B. Wesseh, director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000

Liberian Women’s Initiative (LWI) has engaged in a sustained campaign, uniting Liberian women from all sectors of society, to bring an end to the country’s civil war. It has directed its activities at major players in the Liberian conflict, including West African political leaders, officials of the United States, and the UN. Prior to the 1997 democratic elections, it played a major role in bringing about disarmament, and engaged in voter education activities. LWI continues to engage in educational activites promoting nonviolent conflict resolution and civic education. Address: 11 Broad Street, P.O. Box 1063, Monrovia, Liberia; tel: +231 227 095;
Contact: Etweda Cooper, secretary general. Number of staff: 3

Susukuu is essentially a development organisation designed to help people help themselves. Against the background of the crisis in Liberia in the 1990s, Susukuu established the ‘School for Guns’ programme, consisting of the offer of one year of education in exchange for a fully functioning weapon. The programme has attracted many thousands of fighters, mostly young, but been hampered by inadequate funding to support longer study periods. Susukuu also operates a Rehabilitation Program with the goal of rehabilitation and reintegrating former fighters, especially children, into civil society. Address: P.O. Box 10-1517, 1000 Monrovia 10, Liberia; tel: +231 226 944; fax: + 231 226 066. Contact: Togba-Nah Tipoteh, director. Number of staff: 12. Budget: $500,000 - $1,000,000

MADAGASCAR:

The Malagasy National Assembly - The Official site of the Malagasy National Assembly. http://www.assemblee-nationale.mg/

MALI:

The International Institute for Peace and Security was established in 1998 following the peace process that led to the end of Mali’s Touareg rebellion, to prevent a recurrence of the violence and to consolidate the gains of that peace process. Individuals involved include leaders of the rebellion, representatives of the government, and other leaders of civil society who participated in a program of disarmament and re-integration of rebels into security forces or society. Important goals include conflict prevention through education and arms for development programs, and research on arms proliferation. Address: Magnambougou-Est, Plateau no.2, Lot no.1, BP E2539, Bamako, Mali; tel: +223 773 789; fax: +223 770 125/204 749; email: SKEITA@spider.toolnet.org ;
Contact: Rokiatou Ndiaye Keita

Le Mouvement National des Femmes pour la Paix (MNFP), a network of Mali women, played an important facilitating role in activities that helped to bring the Touareg rebellion in Northern Mali to an end. It spurred local groups to undertake arms collection activities consistent with the government’s ‘Security First’ policy that reduced the number of small arms in the hands of civilians and rebel groups, and increased confidence in the prospects for peace. Address: BP E 1576, Bamako, Mali; tel: +223 223 320/207 700; fax: +223 224 244; email: lob@datatech.toolnet.org ; Contact: Marianne Maïga

MALAWI

The Centre for Human Rights and Rehabilitation (CHRR) was established in 1995 to promote respect for human rights in Malawi through education, training, research, legal assistance, advocacy, and networking. The organisation engages in conflict management and counselling activities and has helped to resolve a potentially violent conflict between returned Malawian refugees and the government. It is also engaged in mediation efforts to resolve land disputes, and is providing civic education and conflict resolution training as a strategy to resolve a variety of political and social conflicts. Address: P.O. Box 2340, Lilongwe, Malawi;
tel/fax: +265 741 292; email: CHRR@malawi.net ; Contact: Ollen Mwalubunju, executive director.

The Malawi Institute of Democratic and Economic Affairs (Midea) was originally established for democratic education, training and economic research. When Malawi experienced conflict at both the leadership and grassroots level, Midea was called in to intervene. Since then the Institute’ programme has also included conflict prevention and resolution. The Department of Conflict Resolution and Training develops and administers conflict resolution programmes, facilitates mediation processes, conducts early-warning monitoring and co-ordinates fact-finding missions. Training is also an important additional activity. The Institute is also involved in mediation efforts in Zambia’s political conflict. Address: P.O. Box 30465, Kirk Road, Lilongwe 3, Malawi; tel/fax: +265 741 562; email: Midea@unima.wn.apc.org ; Contact: Shyley Kondowe, executive director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000.
Publications: Report on Mediation Activities During Parliamentary Impasse, July 1996 - March 1997; Annual Reports

MAURITANIA:

The Government of Mauritania - The Mauritanian Government's official site. http://www.mauritania.mr/

MAURITIUS:

The Government of Mauritius - The official web portal of the Government of Mauritius. http://ncb.intnet.mu/govt/

MOROCCO

L’Association Marocaine des Droits de l’Homme (AMDH) is an independent NGO primarily engaged in monitoring human rights in Morocco. The organisation defends human rights as defined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, monitors the human rights situation in Morocco, and publicises information on cases of arbitrary detention, extra-legal execution, and other human rights violations, including violations in the Western Sahara. AMDH has established a human rights documentation centre and library in Rabat. Address: B.P. 1740, Rabat, Morocco; tel: +212 (7) 709 161; fax: +212 (7) 707 871; Contact: Abderrahmane Benameur, president

MOZAMBIQUE:

Government of Mozambique - Official Mozambique Government Website. http://www.mozambique.mz/

LINK is an umbrella NGO, grouping together a broad variety of Mozambican NGOs, which is currently engaged in civil education, incorporating non-violent methods of conflict resolution. LINK is supported by - among others - the Mennonite Central Committee from Canada. Address: Fórum de ONGs, Projecto de capacitação em Resolução de Conflitos e Mediação, Rua Dr. António José Almeida 191, Bairro da Coop, CP 2187 Maputo, Mozambique; Tel. 258 1 496 279/496 280; fax: 258 1 496 304/ 306 / 497 235; email: conflict@link.uem.mz ; Contact: Aida Muhai - Project Coordinator; Adriano Júlio Nhamutócue - Principal trainer

NAMIBIA:

In addition to its programmes focusing on the protection of human rights, the NSHR (National Society for Human Rights of Namibia) has a special Conflict Prevention and Resolution Project. NSHR monitors conditions in potential conflict areas where minorities live on the socio-economic margins of society. It intends to create a special programme on early warning soon. It anticipates the establishment of an early warning system and training programmes to enhance local capacity to manage conflict. In addition to Namibia, the organisation also monitors human rights situations in neighbouring countries. Address: 57 Bahnhof Street,
P.O. Box 23592, Windhoek 9000, Namibia; tel +264 (61) 236 183/253 447; fax +264 (61) 234 286; email nshr@iafrica.com.na ;
web site http://www.iwwn.com.na/nshr ; Contact: Phil ya Nangoloh, executive director. Number of staff 5

NIGER:

Government of the Republic of Niger - Photos of the President, the Premier and the the cabinet ministers of the Republic of Niger. http://www.multimania.com/niger/gouv/gouv.htm

Programme des Nations-Unies pour le Développement - United Nations Development Programme in Niger. http://www.intnet.ne/pnud_fr.html

US Embassy in Niger - The U.S. Embassy in Niamey carries on the daily dialogue between our two governments. A primary goal of U.S. activity in Niger is the promotion of democratic institutions and good governance. http://www.gsi-niger.com/cca-usis/wwwhemb.htm

NIGERIA:

Academic Associates PeaceWorks (AAPW) was established in 1992 as an NGO focused on building capacities for the management of conflict through study, intervention and greater public awareness. The organisation is based in Nigeria and focuses primarily on Nigeria, but has also been active in Ghana. It offers training programs on conflict management, and peace education workshops for adult and youth community leaders, local government officials and religious leaders. It also offers training to students and academic staff at seven Nigerian Universities, conducts peace education programmes at primary and secondary schools, and provides conflict resolution training to teachers in several conflict-prone areas of Nigeria. The organisation was instrumental in the establishment of the National Corps of Mediators, providing the training of 21 senior Nigerians in mediation and conflict management skills so that they would be able to effectively deal with conflicts in their communities. AAPW also provided conflict management training to 90 Muslim and Christian religious leaders, and to 135 journalists focusing on interpreting violent conflict and election monitoring. It played a facilitating role in establishing the Journalists’ Network for Peace and in the launch of the Peace Support Network. This network consists of all those trained by Academic Associates, including adult and youth leaders, peace education teachers and local government officials, as well as others who are interested in joining. In conjunction with ActionAid Ghana it has also developed a peace education programme for teachers and NGOs in conflict-prone areas of northern Ghana. In the future, AAPW plans to intensify its involvement in the Niger Delta, especially in programmes focused on youth, and to increasingly emphasise the close relationship between peace and development. Address: 9 Esomo Close, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria; tel: +234 (1) 774 3203; fax: +234 (1) 493 7853; email: Jasuni@aol.com ; Contact: Judith Burdin Asuni, director. Number of staff: 18. Budget: $100,000 - $500,000

Africa Nonviolence Movement Social Changes (ANMSC) - Members of the movement strongly believe that there can be peace only when there is no violence of any sort. We are to lead a support to effort of similar related organizations all over the world in the CPT in Chicago USA, Canada, Mexico, Columbia, etc. It has branches all over Nigerian tertiary institutions, in order to promote dialogue rather than violence on campuses. Also the movement wishes to extend branches to other African countries, but because of funds, it hasn't achieved its full aims and objectives. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES - The multi purpose functions of the movement are as follows: a) To promote peace, love, understanding and dialogue among Africans and the world at large. b) To promote justice, Equality and educate the public on causes and effect of violence. c) To promote a forum between the government or policy makers and there people in order to prevent violence. d) To liaise with other peace mission team worldwide so that peace can reign in all parts of the world,also to attend Conferences and Courses related to violence issue. e) To publish research, findings, conclusion, recommendations and communique of important National and International Non-violence congress. f) to promote and support the publication of learned journals in Education and Non-violence issue. For more information, contact Dr. Gbenga Ajala, President, Africa Nonviolence Movement Social Changes, Plot 5 Idi-moli Abokuta/Ibadan road, Habib Bank Building, Ibadan ,G.P.O, Box 12785, Dugbe Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria; afriknonviolence@onebox.com - email; (212) 894-3750 x6277 - voicemail/fax.

Africa Strategic and Peace Research Group (AFSTRAG) is an independent research and consulting organisation focusing on strategic and human security problems in Africa. The organisation engages scholars, experienced diplomats and retired senior military officers to undertake in-depth study of continental and global strategic developments and their impact on the prospects for peace, security and human development in Africa, and to formulate in-depth policy options. AFSTRAG also organises seminars, workshops, conferences, roundtables and similar gatherings of scholars, military experts, policymakers and implementers to further discussion on peace and security issues. Address: PMB 12839, General Post Office, Marina, Lagos, Nigeria; tel: +234 (1) 492 5535 ; email: afstrag@gacom.net . Publications: Newsletter, Monographs, Occasional Papers

The All-Nigeria United Nations Students and Youth Association (ANUNSA) is the nationwide umbrella association of young people, who support and promote the activities, ideas and principles of the United Nations.ANUNSA, is the national arm of the International Students and Youth Movement for the United Nations.(ISMUN). We altogether enjoy general consultative status with
UN,ECOSOCand other UN Agencies. Our programmes deal with capacity building /Readership Training Empowerment /Youth NG.O participation in poverty alleviation strategies/alternative livelihood opportunities in depressed economy, Drug Abuse Campaign, Environment protection/General Environment strategies and Management Human Rights Protection/Promotion Campaign, Women Empowerment and Sustainable Human Development. For more information, contact Unegbu Robert Ogueri,
National Executive President, All-Nigeria UN Students and Youth Association (ANUNSA); email robertunegbu@hotmail.com

Centre for Conflict Resolution & Peace Advocacy (CCRPA) is involved in mediation and training activities with the goal of empowering people to resolve their own conflicts and control their own destinies. CCRPA has trained its own personnel and many other individuals to serve as observers for local and national elections during 1998 and 1999. It also organises workshops on conflict resolution for businesses and university students. The Centre serves consults with people and organisation from civil society on conflict resolution. It produces an educational radio programme called Peace Radio. Address: 2 Isijola Road, Off Ikorodu Road
Ilupeju, Lagos, Nigeria; tel/fax: +234 1 288 1320; email: ccrpa@gacom.net ; Contact: M. Ozonnia Ojielo, president. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: The Mediator, newsletter, Guidelines for Domestic Election Observers, 1999

Ozonnia Ojielo, a legal practitioner by training, is the president and founder of the Centre for Conflict Resolution and Peace Advocacy (CCRPA) in Lagos, which works in the core south-eastern states of Nigeria. (This region includes the volatile oil-rich delta area which has been the centre of agitation for economic progress since it provides the basis for the corporate existence of Nigeria). CCRPA is a non-profit, apolitical organisation established in 1996 to engage in education, research and training in conflict transformation and peace building in Nigeria. Ozonnia has been working in the south-east for over five years and has built up an impressive network of contacts with people and organisations in the region. He has done extensive research at the grass-roots level, which has been complemented by targeted action programmes. This has enabled CCRPA to work towards the enlightenment of the youths around the issues of conflict
resolution, livelihood, the environment, and the need to change the development perspectives of the region from needs to rights.

Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies (CEPACS), Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan - New Program - M.Sc. in Humanitarian and Refugee Studies - This program is designed to meet some of the most urgent needs on contemporary Africa's human security agenda in the area of armed conflicts, humanitarian crisis and intervention, and refugee management. It seeks to foster understanding and knowledge about problems arising from these issues as well as the design and implementation of appropriate policies and action measures for linking relief work, development, and conflict resolution. The program is specially tailored towards meeting the professional needs of individuals, groups, and agencies working in the humanitarian field and in conflict management. These include: armed forces personnel, government and policy makers, international humanitarian agencies, local and international NGOs, scholars and researchers, media executives, and human rights activists. Organization: The Centre for Peace and Conflict Studies (CEPACS), Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan; and the Association of African Universities (AAU), Accra, Ghana. Date: 2001-2002. Location: Ibadan, Nigeria Application procedure: Request an application form from the organization. Include a large self addressed stamped envelope. Contact organization for details. Application deadline: July 31, 2001 CONTACT: The Secretary, Postgraduate School, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. T: 234-2-810 1526; Email: cepacs@skannet.com.ng

Centre for Peace in Africa - The centre was established in 1996 as the centre for conflict resolution and peace advocacy, an independent, non-governmental, not-for-profit organisation with a mission of building conflict resolving communities through training, advocacy, education and research. In furtherance of this mission, it carried out projects in literally all parts of Nigeria and collaborated with other partners in a number of countries. Since then, its work have contributed to the creation of a critical mass of civil society organisations engaged at local levels in peace building activities. At the same time, it continued to develop its capacity to offer qualitative programmes and services to the community and to governments and organisations generally. This capacity expansion has been recognized by international organisations including the United Nations which have engaged the Centre to provide training, consulting and other services in several parts of Africa, including Ghana, Malawi, Namibia, Uganda, South Africa as well as in Nigeria. With an expanded capacity, it became necessary for the Centre to review its mandate and operations and a consequent name change to reflect this new direction. Thus the centre changed its name to The Centre for Peace in Africa(CPA), repositioning itself as a regional resource working in four critical areas which includes Institutional Development; Governance; Training, Peace education and Information Technology. Its strategic focus is to provide transformative opportunities for peace building processes throughout Africa. For further enquiries please contact: M. Ozonnia Ojielo, President, Centre for Peace in Africa
2 Isijola rd., Ilupeju, Lagos. Nigeria. Tel/fax: 234-1-4934723, 2881320; e-mail: ozonnia@hyperia.com, okwuloha@hotmail.com

The mission of the Committee for the Protection of Peoples Dignity (COPPED) is to promote respect for fundamental human rights and dignity. COPPED operates in the Niger Delta where the organisation supports local communities whose environments are under threat as a result of petroleum exploitation activities. COPPED mediates between communities involved in mutually destructive inter-communal conflicts which COPPED views as intrinsically link to the activities of multi-national corporations. In many instances, COPPED has succeeded in bringing peace to these communities. The organisation has established relationships with several international peace organisations. Address: 1A Hussy Street, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; tel: +234 (1) 584 0288/497 5929; fax: +234 (1) 266 2892; email: copped@angelfire.com ; Contact: Peter Claver Opara. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Dignity, newsletter

Community Teaching & Learning Centers (CTLCs) will be dedicated to the promotion of Culture of Peace Education, as well as training of Community Peace Educators. Teachers Without Borders - Nigeria efforts to promote the "Building of a Culture of Peace in Nigeria" and in line with the plans to engage in nationwide educational programs that will culminate in the Peace Day Celebration 2004 by September 21, 2004. More

INTERNATIONAL MOVEMENT FOR PEACE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (IMOPSUD). It is a non-profit, Non-Governmental Organization based in Nigeria. The motto of the organization is Global Peace, Transparency and Advocacy. Membership into IMOPSUD is open to all youth and students in Nigeria or foreigners resident in Nigeria and is desirous of joining the association. The association’s area of interest include Peace Education, Human Rights crusade, health as well as conflict Resolution among others. We have the followings as our key aims and objectives: 1. To work with young people and students in order to promote, especially through study and research on International issues, an informed public and larger groups knowledge about the United Nations, its actual meaning and to encourage a continued critical attitude towards the world organization in order to promote its universality and effectiveness. 2. To work with young people and students for the aims and ideas of the United Nations, to stir for Global Peace, Transparence and advocacy, for economic, Cultural and social justice, also for equality between men and women, for peace and disarmament, for sustainable development, conflicts and repression within the various ethnic in all their forms. 3. To serve as a window to the youth and students by seeing that government policies are geared towards the good will of the Society as it affects them and more so, to contribute her quota towards policies of the government as it affects the youth. 4. To instill into the mind of members ethics and discipline, which will foster co-operation and cordial relationship between the organization and other association with similar interest and more so, to train Pool of leaders, who will engaged in multilateral diplomacy and advocacy through sustainable development. 5. To organize symposia, Seminars, Workshops and Conferences as well as exchange programme on topical issues that will enhance societal renewal including sustainable development. Contact: NWOKE PETUS C. Esq., NATIONAL PRESIDENT, email imopsud_nigeria@yahoo.com

The primary mandate of the International Women Communication Centre (IWCC) is to document the experience of women during periods of conflict, and to campaign for redress of women victims. The organisation is involved in fact-finding, focusing in particular on victims of the Biafra/Nigeria Civil War of 1966-70, publication of its findings, lobbying, and education. IWCC considers networking to be an important aspect of its programme, and has established relationships with similar organisations in Uganda and the Philippines, and with Liberian women who have fled to Nigeria to escape the Liberian conflict. Address: P.O. Box 1750, Nicon House, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria; tel: +234 (31) 225 688; fax: +234 (31) 225 805; Contact: Hajiya Goroso Giwa Limota. Number of staff: 18. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Conference papers, Workshop documentation

The Presidency - The Official web site for The Presidency of Nigeria. http://www.nopa.net/http://www.nopa.net/

Pan-African Peace Congress - for peace, democracy, mediation/facilitator, music & dancing, acrobatic display, exhibition on African cultural heritage and for conflict prevention and resolution. Motto: peace, friendship & co-operation for a better world. For more information: Alhaji Abdul Rasak, Secretary-General, Pan-African Peace Congress, Box 5325, Tikalosoro Chambers, 31 Forestrythe Street, Lafiaji, Lagos, Nigeria; telephone 234-1-2636478; fax 234-1-2646084 attention Box 027; email peaceafric@gacom.net

The Pan-African Reconciliation Centre (PARC) is a grassroots organisation working for socio-political as well as moral emancipation of Africa on the basis of nonviolence and 'self-giving love'. Its 700 members include educational institutions, religious organisations and individuals in some twelve African countries and in Europe. PARC seeks to mobilise public opinion and signature campaigns to eliminate threats to peace, not only in Africa, but throughout the world. It forwards written responses to threats to peace to civil, religious and political authorities. It sets up information, research and communication programmes to help political authorities take the right decisions. In the past, PARC played a crucial role in the monitoring of the Nigerian elections of 1993. It was the co-ordinating organisation and served as secretariat for the 'Hague Appeal for Peace 1999' for Anglophone and Lusophone (Portuguese) West Africa. The projects of PARC focus on the areas of social and economic justice, nonviolence, refugees, social conflict, interfaith activities, and youth and women. In the area of nonviolence it organises workshops on peace, social justice and reconciliation in African countries. As far as refugees are concerned, it organises relief materials and welfare services for displaced persons. In the field of social conflicts, PARC conducts research and collects data on the causes of inter-communal conflicts. It plays a mediator role in resolving social conflicts and provides early warning on conflicts within and amongst African communities. As part of PARC's interfaith activities, it initiates faith-oriented educational resources on active nonviolence, peace, social justice and reconciliation. It also undertakes grassroots campaigns for peace, human rights, self-determination and self-reliance. Special activities are carried out for youth and women. PARC organises youth leadership training activities and co-ordinates an international campaign to eliminate child abuse and discrimination against women. It assists students on issues of nonviolence and peace. Address: P.O. Box 9354 Marina, Lagos City, 101221, Nigeria. Tel: (234-1)7268676, Mobiles +234-805-400-3843 and 8033876216, Fax/Voice Mail: +1-267-821-6944 and 610-822-7423; email: Ade Adenekan afropax[at]yahoo.com , secretary general. Number of staff: 6. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Pax Africana, bulletin; Occasional papers. Web site http://www.peace.ca/africa.htm .

Peace Foundation International PFI is a recognised, active and registered(13209) NGO with the federal republic of Nigeria. It is the collaborating NGO with OICI/NOIC in the implementation of USAID sponsored Work Force Development Civil Society Strenghtening Initiative (WDCSS1) in Nigeria. It is a not for profit making organisation that is
committed to promoting the culture of dialogue, nonviolence, mediation, tolerance, understanding, conflict mitigation, political dialogue, fostering electoral values through education, training, peacebuilding, capacity building, grassroot
enlightenment, advocacy etc for the survival of human race. We also train teachers/instructors with the skills teaching Peace Education in Schools, campaign for the inclusion of Peace Education into existing school curriculum and recruit/train peacebuilders for organisations when need arises. To this effect we have a Peace Education Curriculum
that was developed for schools in Nigeria with funding from USAID among other peace projects. Contact: Mrs Ehis Abebe-Abu, Founder/President, Peace Foundation International PFI, Tel: 23418023289581; email peacenet3@yahoo.com

Universal Civil Rights Movement (UCRM) an NGO based in Nigeria. UCRM is a member of the NGO coalition for an International Criminal Court (CICC), and one of the 31 organisations identified in Nigeria by the Hague office to facilitate the "HAP'99" preparatory activities. UCRM is also a member of the West African Group of organisations (WAG). Since coming into existence in April 1994, there has been a steady growth in membership of UCRM across Nigeria. Increased membership has led to increased activity. And because we aspire to command profound attention and credibility, we have taken up national tasks of great proportions such as prison visitation and survey, peace campaigns in the troubled zones of Nigeria, and relief effort co-ordination for victims of political and natural disasters. These engagements are crucial as they are ambitious; they require full committments and we have embraced them. For more information, contact Paul Elomien, 104, St. Finbarrs College Rd;Akoka P.O.Box 2278, Sabo-yaba, Lagos, Nigeria. E-mail: cswf.b@rcl.nig.com

The World Association of Non-Governmental Organizations (WANGO) is an international membership organization uniting NGOs worldwide in the cause of advancing peace and global well-being. WANGO helps to provide the mechanism and support needed for NGOs to connect, partner, share, inspire, and multiply their contributions to solve humanity's basic problems. Initiated in 2000 by a handful of international NGOs and prominent visionaries, WANGO has quickly become one of the premier international bodies for non-governmental organizations that are committed to the ideals of universal peace, justice, and well-being for all humanity. Nigerian based NGO leaders in this group are invited to join WANGO-Nigeria. Just click the link below and you are there: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/wangonigeria/ This is to invite peace oriented NGOs in Nigeria to join the WANGO as organizations through this link:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/wangonigeria/

Youths Cry Out Loud Against VIOLENCE. Mission Statement; Peace is Better than Violence!! In The Spirit of Peace, Goodwill and Humanity. Background: We are a youth oriented not-for- profit membership based organisation with headquarters situated in Ibadan, Nigeria founded basically with a heart of purpose to make youths around the world understand the language and recognise the colour of peace. We are registered under the Part "C" of the Company and Allied Matters Decree 1 of 1990 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. We source for funds from government, corporate organisations, personal philanthropy, grants and donations. We were prominent in the search for peace in the Liberian war in the early 90s with the campaign STOP! (Stop Travesty of Peace). We were registered at the historic meeting with President Nelson Mandela where he organised a cocktail/thanksgiving for humanitarian groups for the determined and successful end to apartheid which we were conspicuos at with the tag Crush Apartheid Today! C.A.T. We were outstanding in the American-Iraqi war calling doggedly for dialogue.We have been volunteers in areas of distress like the Mozambique Floods, the sandstorms of Northern Nigeria in 2000. We were in the Congo at the aftermath of war with the International Red Cross,Boys Scouts and various other youth organisations around the world. In a nutshell,we are all around the world like air preaching the gospel of peace,helping the world prosper ,being good samaritans. As a matter of fact,our objectives and focal point have cut past across our intial foresight.Now we are at every part,helping humanity,simply caring for the world!!!!! We also offer legal assistances in cases of human rights violations being the mouth piece of people that have their rights trampled upon.We kicked off in;
                                                                                    Zone in Focus
1991 with year tag;"Youths Save The World"     Forests In The Americas
1992 with;Smile AFRICA                                        Extincting Animals In Africa
1993 with; Search for Peace                                  Peace in The Middle East
1994 with;You and Me Can Do It                          Lethal Injection in State of Texas
1995 with;Peace is The Language of The Heavens .    Poor African Child.
1996 with;Help Mother Earth                                        Water.
1997 with Stand United                                              Child Rebels.
1998 with;Let Peace Reign                                         The Congo
1999 with;Rose! s Not Guns                                         Violence amongst Youngsters.
2000 with Peace is Better Than war                         Bosnia
2001 with;Hope for The WORLD                               Ending Racism.
2002 with;Hope is Clear On The Horizon               Child Labour and Trafficking.
We bagged the Rotary International Peace Awards in Abuja Nigeria in 2000 and various other local and international awards for humanity in Africa. Contact: Elizabeth Adams, Secretary, International Matters Commitee on Travel, YOUTHS CRY OUT LOUD AGAINST VIOLENCE, 5 Adeyi Avenue Old Bodija Ibadan Nigeria, FAX 234 2 8109157,234 2 8108519; email youthscryoutloudagainstviolence@yahoo.com

RWANDA:

Rwanda: Healing and Reconciliation - The Healing Through Connection and Understanding Project. The genocide of 1994 in Rwanda has deeply affected everyone in the society. We have developed an approach to helping people heal that may be helpful in varied settings, with varied groups of people. This approach is based on research, theory, and past applied work in the realms of trauma, genocide, and related domains. Part of our project researches how best to help people heal and reconcile. We are funded by the John Templeton Foundation as part of their scientific program on forgiveness. The project considers the role of forgiveness in healing and reconciliation. For more information: Trauma Research, Education, and Training Institute, Inc. 22 Morgan Farms Drive, South Windsor, CT 06074 USA; Tel: (860) 644-2541; Fax: (860) 644-6891; email Sandi@heal-reconcile-rwanda.org

Official Web Site for the Republic of Rwanda - The Official web site for The Government of the Republic of Rwanda. http://www.rwanda1.com/government/

CLADHO (Collectif des Ligues et Association de Défense de la Droits de l’Hommes) is a coalition of organisations and institutions working for the defence of human rights. Focusing mainly on education, training, research and data collection, it organises conferences and seminars on conflict prevention and resolution. CLADHO works together with organisations such as UNICEF and Amnesty International. Address: P.O. Box 3060, Kigali, Rwanda; tel/fax: +250 74 292; Contact: Jean-Baptiste Barambirwa. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000

Heritiers de la Justice is a non-profit organisation dedicated to the promotion of human rights and peace in the Great Lakes region of Central Africa. Based in the Southern Kivu area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, its programme includes training for judicial monitors, training for rural mediators, radio broadcasts and publications to provide information on peace and justice issues, assistance and consultation on local organising for peace and human rights, assistance to victims of violence and human rights violations, and direct mediation in conflicts. Address: B.P. 109 Bukavu, Sud-Kivu, R.D.Congo, B.P. 234 Cyangugu, Rwanda; tel/fax: +377 (93) 107 249; email: heritiers@yahoo.com ; web site http://www.heritiers.org ; Contact: Innocent Balemba Zahinda, executive secretary. Number of staff: 7. Publications: Haki Yetu, bulletin; Salam, bulletin; Nota Bene, information flashes

TECHNICAL ACTION FOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT (ATEDEC) - BP 209 KIGALI/Rwanda, TEL : 71673; Email: atedec1@caramail.com . Technical action for a Community Development (ATEDEC) is a Human rights Non Governmental Organisation created in December 1994 and accepted by Government of Rwanda in April 12, 1995 by a Ministerial Decree N?801/06.01. The ATEDEC was created by a group of Rwandan repatriates of 1959 in conjunction of some survivors of genocide who were mostly resourceful support since they lived in Rwanda before the war of 1994. The strength of the general assembly was appraised to 20 people in 1995 without counting new members, and Partners. In additional to a certificate of registration of the former Ministry of the Rehabilitation and Social insertion of 1995-1998, ATEDEC does also hold a certificate of registration N?043 of current Ministry of the Local Administration and the Social Affairs. Contact Address and localization of ATEDEC: ATEDEC does not own its buildings or land, rather it rents an office building in the Capital Kigali, and small office spaces around the country. Its current Headquater office is in the building of Soeur Bernadette in front of the Bank of Commerce, Development and industry BCDI by the CHK hospital. The following is ATEDEC's address: ATEDEC POBOX: 209 KIGALI/RWANDA. Tel : (00250) 71673; Cel. (00250) 08513228. e-mail : atedec@rwandatel1.rwanda1.com or Atedec1@caramail.com (this is the active email). The contact person is : Mr. GASUZUGURO Mr. Jonathan (Legal Representative, and Muhoza Akim Hakizimana, Project Director. Mission and objectives: The general objective of ATEDEC is to improve the conditions of lives of Rwandan people; mainly the farming populations affected by the 1994 genocide. Born in a period of emergency in the aftermath of genocide and war, the short term objectives and specific initiatives were based specifically on the social rehabilitation of Rwandans in general, and they were as follow: - To fight against the destruction of the socio-economic environment, by the purification of villages, and management of drinking water sources , pipelines of waters polluted and stagnant, gutters etc.; - To provide small loans to vulnerable groups, different associations of women , orphans and widows. -To promote private sectors in micro-industry to transform crops according to modern societal consumption. Currently, some of these objectives have been achieved, and others are in the process of actualisation. However, there are other major projects that remain unfunded. The new specific objectives can be summarized as follow: - The the management of wells and spring waters and the promotion of utilization of clean water coming from sources,of rain waters distributed for the personal and domestic use. - ATEDEC does also intervene in other community development projects such as: EDUCATION: A project to lunch an Institute for Peace and Justice in the great lake region is underway now. AGRICULTURE: The agricultural micro-credits given to Associations and farming Groups. The credits are given to the privates operating in the agro-food sector. HOUSING: The construction of housing for the homeless, and those underprivileged without shelters and the social and economic infrastructures. Special attention is devoted to the projects on the rights of the Child, and women in the Central African region. Since the year 1999, ATEDEC has expanded its services and influence in the neighboring Country of Congo. It is approved by the government of the region and is undertaking negotiation with the government of Burundi. Most of ATEDEC's work in these countries will be primarily humanitarian, Education, and sustainable development project. For more information, please contact: Muhoza Akim, at: atedec1@caramail.com

SENEGAL:

Government of the Republic of Senegal - Republic of Senegal Government's Official Website. http://www.gouv.sn/

National Assembly of the Republic of Senegal - Information concerning the National assembly of Republic of Senegal - in French. http://www.assnat.sn/

The Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) is a pan-African NGO serving African research institutes, the social science faculties of African universities, and professional organisations. Its primary objectives are to facilitate research, promote research-based publishing, and to encourage the exchange of information among African scholars.

One important manner in which research is encouraged is the establishment of ‘multinational working groups’, which co-ordinate the research activities of 20 to 30 scholars, in a variety of disciplines, whose studies investigate common themes. Findings are published in CODESRIA’s Working Paper series. A similar program of ‘national working groups’ has been launched to encourage research at the national level. The organisation also organises conferences where social scientists and policy-makers meet to discuss important current issues of concern to all African countries, including democracy and human rights; democratisation; conflict resolution in the Great Lakes Region; academic freedom, research and social responsibility; and a variety of other economic, social and development themes. The organisation has been involved in the ‘Conflict Prevention in West Africa’ (CPWA) programme and ‘The Causes of Conflict in West Africa’ (CCWA) programme, and played an active role in activities examining the regional conflict in Liberia, the conflict between Senegal and Mauritania, and the Touareg conflict in Mali and Niger. An important initiative of CODESRIA has been the establishment of an Academic Freedom Unit which monitors academic freedom, documents and publicises cases of violation of academic freedom, acts to support individuals and professional organisations facing harassment, and promotes research into academic freedom and human rights in Africa. Address: Angle C.A. Diop et Canal IV
B.P. 3304, Dakar, Senegal; tel: +221 825 9822/3; fax: +221 824 1289; email: codesria@telecomplus.com ; web site
http://wsi.cso.uiuc.edu/CAS/Codesria/Codesria.htm ; Contact: T. K. Biaya, coordinator and senior researcher. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: The CODESRIA Bulletin, quarterly newsletter; CODESRIA Working Papers; CODESRIA Monograph Series; Directory of Research Projects and Training Institutes in Africa; Annual report of ‘Academic Freedom in Africa’

SIERRA LEONE:

Concerned Youths for Peace - CONYOPA - Sierra Leone - Concerned Youths for Peace (CONYOPA, was formed in January 1996 by young men and women who believe in the promotion of international co-operation and peaceful solution of conflicts. http://conyopa.tripod.com/

National forum for peace and reconciliation ("NAFPER"). A Non governmental organization,non political,and profit making. Conscious of the fact that wars have cause some devastation in some part of the world and our country in particular,and people have been praying for peace and tranquillity to prevail so that women, children and men will live harmoniously with one another on the earth. knowledge of this fact, coupled with inner sense of obligation and necessity for a non violent approach to solving conflicts and building peace have brought about the birth of NAFPER. OBJECTIVES: 1 To educate people about peace through seminars, workshops and symposiums; 2 To work with other peace groups and affiliates as a network to share ideas, information and resources and to create joint projects. 3 To teach and educate the communities about the virtues and positive aspects of non violent approach to peace building and conflict resolution through training, workshops, symposia, seminars public lectures and the display of peace promotion posters and flyers. 4 Quarterly news letters on peace issues. NAFPER has the following programs:

nonviolent education and training, women peace program, youth, women and children rights program. For more information: ABU BAKARR KAMARA, P M B 705, 90 SANDER STREET, FREE TOWN, SIERRA LEONE. W/ AFRICA. TEL. 232 22 22 9703 FAX 22 44 39; email peace_organization@hotmail.com

Peacelinks is a non-Governmental children/youth advocacy serving organization founded in 1990 with the aim of empowering young people to step forward for positive change in their communities.The organization works for peace and reconciliation in warton Sierra Leone using music,dance and drama. Since its inception the organization has been instrumental in addressing the concerns of traumatized and vulnerable youths - Ex-child combatants,street and displaced children in communities.This stands out clearly by the series of outreach programmes to schools,camps,ceshire homes and intrim care centres housing them. Peacelinks musical wing has produced a cassette album comprising of six original peace songs with the title 'Believe In Peace' UNICEF Freetown sponsored the project.The text that went with these songs told stories of ex-combatants and other vulnerable children who are affected by negetive societal issues. In May 2000, Peacelinks performed the theme song of the Hague Appeal for Peace conference. In November 1999, sixteen year old peacelinker Ibrahim Alex Bangura won the 1999 Global Youth Peace and Tolerance Award in the Performing Arts category at the United Nations headquarter in New York.The organization was also formally accepted as a cordinating committee member of the Hague Appeal for Peace network. In February 2000 Peacelinks took the first position in the category of creativity in the National Youth Festival organized by the Government of Sierra Leone and other Non-governmental Organizations.Over three thousand youth organization displayed their talents through songs,sports,arts craftsand advocacy at the week long festival. In June 2000, two members of the organization,were invited to the Netherland by the Amnesty International (Dutch Section) to raise awareness on the issue of child soldiers in Sierra Leone. The duo gave talks and performances at two festivals (Pink-pop/Mundial) and several gatherings across the Netherlands. For more information, contact: JAMES HALLOWELL, Cordinator-Peacelinks, email hallowelljames@hotmail.com

The Inter-Religious Council (IRC), Sierra Leone is an inter-faith body comprising senior representatives from Sierra Leone's Christian and Muslim communities. The Council of Churches in Sierra Leone (CCSL), one of Christian Aid's partners, has been closely associated with all aspects of IRC's work since its inception in 1997. The IRC played a major role supporting the peace process in Sierra Leone, working as a broker between the warring parties leading to the Lome Accord in 1999. Given recent events in the country, the Council has much to contribute about why the peace process has lost its way and what the priorities and options might be, both within and outside the country, to create the conditions for a more secure future. The IRC team includes: Rev. Tom Barnett. Leader of the Delegation.
Head, Evangelical Lutheran Church, Sierra Leone; first V-P of CCSL; member of IRC'S Council of Presidents; member of CCSL's executive committee. Haja Mariatu Mahdi (Mrs). Founding member of IRC; President of the Federation of the Muslim Women Association, Sierra Leone; member of IRC's Council of Presidents; Honorary President of the World Conference on Religion and Peace. Rev. Llewellyn Rogers-Wright. Anglican Pastor; management consultant and senior lecturer at the Institute of Public Administration and Management, Freetown; served on IRC task force and is a member of the executive committee of CCSL. For further information, please contact Peter Raven, Programme Manager, Sierra Leone, Christian Aid (Tel: 020 7523 2267; Fax:020 7523 2254; E-mail: praven@christian-aid.org)

The Campaign for Good Governance (CCG) was established in 1996 as an independent grassroots organisation with the goal of strengthening Sierra Leone’s democratic institutions by providing training to elected officials, civil servants, members of the judiciary, and journalists. It also targets civic groups and media at village, chief, and district levels, encouraging a spirit of tolerance in addition to transparency and accountability in government. Though not strictly a lobby group, CCG acts as a pressure group by calling attention to practices inconsistent with good governance. Address: 29 Liverpool Street, P.O. Box 1437, Freetown, Sierra Leone. tel: +232 (22) 238 454; fax: +232 (22) 228 896; email: cgg@sierratel.com ; Contact: Zainab Bangura, coordinator

FORUT, Campaign for Development and Solidarity, is a Norwegian NGO engaged in development co-operation in Asia and Africa. Its development projects are implemented in close collaboration with local organisations. In Sierra Leone FORUT works closely with victims of war. For instance, it runs an activity centre for disabled street boys in Freetown, has built a refugee camp for about 200 people, and collaborates with other organisations involved in refugee assistance. FORUT future plans include conflict resolution through peace education, training, and community-based trauma healing and reconciliation. Address: P.M.B. 17, Freetown, Sierra Leone; tel: +232 (22) 241 512; web site http://www.iogt-international.org/forutnorway/sierraleone ; Contact: Lucinda Amara, field coordinator

WORK BY FAITH DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (WOFDA) - The reestablishment of civil and Government authorities throughout Sierra Leone has created a conducive atmosphere for humanitarian and peace building organisations to operate in the country without hindrance. WORK BY FAITH DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION (WOFDA) is one of such organisations founded in 1997 with the aim of promoting peace and reconciliation in war torn Sierra Leone. The organisation's activities are centered around the following sectors in Sierra Leone: Peace Education,Peace Building,Advocacy and Human Right promotions. To achieve the organisation's goal we use development activities as our main tool. WOFDA has over the years collaborated with reputable Non Government Organisations like the Department For International Development ( DFID ), Council Of Churches in Sierra Leone (CCSL) etc.in peace building strives. With regards to the above,I am requesting that you include WOFDA on your list of Organisations so that we will be able to access information about Peace activities in the world on a continuous basis and also about conferences geared towards peace where we can participate and share our experiences in Sierra Leone as well as gain new ideas from other participants from other conflict areas around the world. For more information, contact SULLAY SAINEY GBLA, PROGRAMME COORDINATOR wofda2@yahoo.com

SOMALIA:

Somalia Peace Line (SPL) is a non-profit organisation based in Mogadishu working to establish a culture of peace in Somalia and throughout the region, and to achieve the economic, cultural and social reconstruction of Somalia. SPL is involved in local and regional mediation activities, carries out research, and provides conflict resolution training workshops for leaders at the grassroots level. It has also brought together leaders from various armed Somali factions for peace consolidation workshops, and has organised peace gatherings among exiled Somalis. It has relationships with numerous international organisations. Address: Mogadishu, Somalia - S.B.195 - BC, c/o P.O. Box 3313, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; tel: +252 (1) 658 325/ (59) 64 419; fax: +252 (1) 657 600; Contact: Abdullahi M. Shirwa, deputy chairman; email peaceline@somalinternet.com . Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Newsletter, Activity Reports. See Somali Peace Line Mission & Objectives by clicking on the link.

SOUTH AFRICA:

The African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD) seeks to encourage and further constructive resolution of conflicts by Africa’s peoples and to help achieve peaceful coexistence, political stability and economic progress within societies where justice and democracy prevail. For its research, ACCORD draws upon fifteen universities in southern Africa under its Conflict Policy and Research Group (CRPRG). Its Preventive Diplomacy Forum enables ACCORD to intervene in conflicts. ACCORD conducts training in preventive diplomacy and peacekeeping. ACCORD is based in South Africa, but it is involved in a variety of programmes far beyond South Africa’s borders, in other parts of southern Africa, the Great Lakes region, the Horn of Africa and West Africa. ACCORD’s successes have been rooted in two principles. The first of these is that peace-making models that yield positive results in one context can be utilised to help bring about successful resolutions of conflicts in quite different contexts. And secondly, peace-making skills and insights can through training be transferred to other individuals and organisations to broaden the base of peace makers and empower individuals to play active roles in resolving conflicts in their own regions. ACCORD has developed a Comprehensive Peace Model, based on four pillars: intervention, education & training, research and communication. These pillars are reflected in the organisational structure, which has a programme division including Peacekeeping, Preventive Action, Women, Youth, Public Sector Management, Intervention and Rural programmes; and a Resource Division with Training, Communication & Information, Research and External Institutional Support Units. ACCORD is currently involved in setting up a permanent Conflict Resolution Centre, a retreat, conference, training and research facility. The organisation presents the biennial Africa Peace Award recognising individuals, communities or nations actively promoting respect for human rights, peaceful settlement of disputes and good governance of public affairs. It also brings out a newsletter, Conflict Trends, which is regarded as a leading publication in the field of African conflicts. Staff: 27, 5 in the field of conflict prevention/ management. Publications: African Journal in Conflict Resolution, biannual journal; Conflict Trends, newsletter; Occasional Papers; Preventive Diplomacy Series. Budget: > $1,000,000. For further information: Vasu Gounden, executive director, ACCORD, c/o University of Durban-Westville, Private Bag X018, Umhlanga Rocks, 4320 South Africa; telephone +27 (31) 502 3908; fax +27 (31) 502 4160; email: info@accord.org.za ; web site http://www.accord.org.za

ANC - African National Congress - The ANC was founded in 1912 in response to the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910, which ignored the wishes of the majority of the people of South Africa. http://www.anc.org.za/

Official Goverment Web Site of the Republic of Botswana - Republic of Botswana is situated in Southern Africa, nestled between South Africa, Namibia, Zimbabwe and Zambia. http://www.gov.bw/

The Centre for Conflict Resolution is an independent institute, based at the University of Cape Town, which seeks to contribute to a just and sustainable peace in South Africa and elsewhere in Africa by promoting constructive, creative and co-operative approaches to the resolution of conflict and the reduction of violence. It provides third-party assistance in the resolution of political and community conflict, provides training in conflict management, promotes democratic values and advocates disarmament and demilitarisation. Mediation, training, education and research are among the Centre’s main activities, with an emphasis on capacity-building at the grassroots level. Centre staff have been deeply involved in the transition to a democratic South Africa, serving as monitors, trainers, mediators and policy advisors. In the post-apartheid era the emphasis has shifted to include other African countries, especially in the Southern and Great Lakes regions. A new focus is on training senior African officials in constructively managing conflict. Current projects include: • the Africa project, seeking to build conflict management capacity in African countries at governmental and grassroots level; • the Mediation and Training Services Project, which acts as an independent third-party mediator, with a growing emphasis on public participation and conflict prevention in relation to development; • the Project on Peace and Security, which conducts research on defence and security issues; • Project Saamspan (‘working together as a team’), which works for peace at a grassroots level in the rural Western Cape; • the Police Training Project, which trains South African, Namibian and Zimbabwean police personnel in methods of problem-solving, conflict resolution and management of diversity; • the Youth Project, engaged in long-term peace building through peace education and conflict resolution programmes for children, youth, teachers and parents. The organisation has a resource centre with collection of publications, and offers numerous courses and training workshops. Staff: 29. Budget: > $1,000,000. Publications: Track Two, quarterly newsletter; A Case of Undue Pressure: International Mediation in African Civil Wars, 1998; Strategies for Peace and Prosperity in Southern Africa, 1998; Good Governance, Security and Disarmament: The Challenge of Demilitarisation in Africa, 1998; Demilitarisation and Peacebuilding in Southern Africa: A Review of the Literature, 1997. For more information: Laurie Nathan, executive director, Centre for Conflict Resolution, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, 7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. telephone +27 (21) 422 2512; fax +27 (21) 422 2622; email mailbox@ccr.uct.ac.za ; web site http://ccrweb.ccr.uct.ac.za

Coalition for Peace in Africa is a network acting to build the capacity of its members and provide support to existing service providers in Africa, so as to achieve sustainable peace in the continent. COPA seeks to provide training and capacity-building to its own members, in order to increase their skills and expertise and assist them in their projects. COPA does not initiate projects of its own. In the same vein, COPA helps its members to find funding, but does not provide it. The activities of COPA members cover a wide range, including training, mediation, negotiation, reconciliation, development in conflict, human rights advocacy, escalation prevention, peace education, active non-violence, trauma counselling, coalition building and lobbying. As an organization, COPA publishes case studies and other documents. It hosts consultations where people working with conflict in Africa can share experiences, develop their skills, test new ideas and challenge one another. COPA also recommends experienced and skilled consultants based in many regions in Africa who are able to assist in the aforementioned members' activities. COPA maintains a database, based on an audit of the existing skills of its members and distributed internally so that members know where they can draw on certain skills. COPA collates essays and case studies of conflict transformation, maintains a resource centre, seeks funding for a project on documenting and researching particular conflict management cases and functions as a think-tank for certain countries, regions and areas. Address: P.O. Box 53 687, 2139 Troyeville, South Africa; tel: +27 (11) 614 4141; fax: +27 (11) 614 4114; email: copa@iafrica.com ; Contact: Brian Williams, director. Number of staff: 2 at HQ, 25 in the field. Budget: < $50,000

The EDGE Institute is an economic policy center in Johannesburg that does research to promote sustainable growth, development and distributional equity. The Institute provides in-depth analysis of the macro-economy and of industrial sectors, focusing on long-run trends and strengths and weaknesses in South Africa and other African countries. Through reports and publications, seminars and workshops, the Institute engages in debate about policy alternatives for South Africa’s economic and social development. EDGE Institute research provides essential information for the analysis of business risk, inducing market risk and risks emerging from the socio-political and regional environment. The EDGE Institute specializes in the collection of firm-level data through surveys and case studies to gain deeper insight into business attitudes, decisions and the operating environment. Our research provides information and analysis of value to two sets of stakeholders: Decision-makers and participants in economic policy debates, inside and outside government; Firms and organizations evaluating risk in the 'real economy' http://www.the-edge.org.za/

Government of National Unity - Information on the South african Government. http://www.polity.org.za/

IMSSA is committed to the effective resolution of disputes and the training of clients in ‘alternative dispute resolution’. It describes five levels of service: responsive (resolving disputes), preventive (training), pro-active (R&D of new services), structural (dispute and conflict management design) and policy influence (analysis and evaluation of interventions). It employs a variety of dispute resolution strategies to assist clients in business, government, NGOs, trade unions, local communities, etc. Its Special Projects Division oversees the National Land Reform Mediation Panel and administers funding on behalf of USAID to conflict resolution organisations. Budget: $100,000 - $500,000. Publications: The IMSSA Review, quarterly. For more information: Bill Thomson, project director, IMSSA, P.O. Box 91082, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa; telephone +27 (11) 482 2390; fax +27 (11) 726 7411; email thabon@imssa.org.za web site http://www.imssa.org.za

Training in conflict resolution and management skills is the primary mandate of the Independent Projects Trust (IPT). Its main target groups are the educational system and South African Police Service, both predominantly in KwaZulu Natal. Its Schools Mediation and Reconciliation Training provides training to schools to facilitate the development of conflict resolution structures and democratic processes. A more recent initiative is CASS - the Community Alliance for Safe Schools - bringing together multiple stakeholders in order to maximise efforts to improve school safety. Its Police and Community Training programme provides conflict resolution training to create an enabling environment for proactive policing. Staff: 11. Budget: $500,000 - $1,000,000. Publications: Public Information Bulletins; IPT Quarterly; Peace begins with me, training material; School Safety Guidelines, guide. For more information: Iole Matthews, head of training, Independent Projects Trust, 1802 Old Mutual Centre, 303 West Street, 4001 Durban
South Africa; telephone +27 (31) 305 8422; fax +27 (31) 305 8420; email iptnet@wn.apc.org web site http://www.ipt.co.za

The Institute for Security Studies is primarily a research institute, but its activities also include teaching and training, policy formulation, analysis and high level consultations. The organisation played a critical role between 1991 and 1994 in facilitating rapprochement in South Africa, but has since expanded its mission to focus more generally on conflict resolution and security issues throughout the continent. Current programmes include a broad-ranging, research-based effort to analyse conflict risk in its Africa Early Warning Programme, and a research programme regarding the principles and praxis of contemporary peace missions. Publications: The African Security Review, bi-monthly journal; The OAU and African Subregional Organisations - A Closer look at the ‘peace pyramid’, ISS Paper no. 36, January 1999; Child Soldiers in Southern Africa, Monograph 37; Nedcor - ISS Crime Index Society Under Siege: Crime, Violence and Illegal Weapons, Vol 2, 1998. For more information: Jakkie Cilliers, executive director, Institute for Security Studies, P.O. Box 1787, Brooklyn Square, Pretoria 0075, South Africa; telephone +27 (12) 346 9500/2; fax +27 (12) 460 998; email iss@iss.co.za ; web site http://www.iss.co.za

The Letsema Conflict Transformation Resource is a programme of the ecumenical Wilgespruit Fellowship Centre. The programme was launched in 1991 in response to increased violence occurring on the margins of society. It is involved in conflict resolution intervention, training and development consultation in South Africa, as well as in Swaziland, Botswana and Mozambique. Its conflict resolution training activities are aimed at government, business, NGOs and the non-profit sector, and community groups. It also has helped to develop and work together with other conflict resolution networks. Staff: 7. Publications: Course material. For more information: P.O. Box 81, Roodepoort 1725, South Africa; telephone +27 (11) 768 1310; fax +27 (11) 764 1468; email Letsema@wn.apc.org

The Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA) is a non-governmental organisation with members in 11 of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) countries. Officially launched in September 1992, MISA focuses primarily on the need to promote free, independent and pluralistic media, as envisaged in the 1991 Windhoek Declaration. MISA seeks ways in which to promote the free flow of information and co-operation between media workers, as a principal means of nurturing democracy and human rights in Africa. The role of the MISA is primarily one of a coordinator, facilitator and communicator, and for this reason MISA aims to work together with all like-minded organisations and individuals to achieve a genuinely free and pluralistic media in southern Africa. The MISA Secretariat is based in Windhoek NAMIBIA and its main tasks are: Advocacy: To conduct advocacy in accordance to the organisation's mission, act on media freedom violations and conduct research as the basis of specialised and popularised publications. News Exchange: To facilitate news exchange (to make sure that local news from the independent media is made accessible to the whole region and that regional news from the independent media is made accessible to the world). National Chapters: To establish a MISA platform in each of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, recruit all institutional and individual members representing the independent media in the region. Capacity Building: To capacitate national chapters, individual members and the independent media. Management: To establish and implement financial control systems for MISA programmes and core functions, develop and maintain a rolling planning system for MISA strategies, programmes and core functions and liaise with key opinion- and decision makers central to the fulfillment of the organisation's mission. For more information: MEDIA INSTITUTE OF SOUTHERN AFRICA (MISA), 21 Johann Albrecht St., Private Bag 13386, Windhoek, NAMIBIA; Tel: +264 61 232975, Fax: +264 61 248016; email finance@misa.org.na ; web site http://www.misanet.org/

The National Party - Official online home of South Africa's Official Parliamentary Opposition http://www.natweb.co.za/

SOUTH AFRICA: NELSON MANDELA FOUNDATION'S NEW HOME HONOURS SISULU
http://www.thestar.co.za/index.php?fSectionId=129&fArticleId=141916
Nelson Mandela has dedicated the brand-new Nelson Mandela Foundation House in Johannesburg to the late ANC father figure Walter Sisulu. The Nelson Mandela Foundation (NMF) previously operated from Mandela's Houghton home, but it expanded to such an extent that new premises were needed. Therefore the R15-million Nelson Mandela Foundation House was built a short distance away.

The Oliver Tambo Chair of Human Rights of the University of Fort Hare offers university training programmes on human rights and conflict resolution. Its purpose is to sensitise communities and leadership in the Eastern Cape and the rest of South Africa on these issues. The chair also provides training on human rights and mediation skills to police officers and public officials, and is active in the fields of research, policy advice and documentation on conflict resolution. Under the chair, a Human Rights Resource and Documentation Centre has been established. Budget: < $25,000. For more information: N. S. Rembe, professor, University of Fort Hare,, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa; telephone +27 (40) 602 2220; fax +27 (40) 602 2544/2605.

Provincial Parliamentary Programme - The Provincial Parliamentary Programme is a non-partisan organisation networking with a range of interest groups in KwaZulu-Natal. Through its monitoring, lobbying and capacity building programmes, it strives to ensure that the provincial policy and legislative processes are transparent, accessible and accountable. http://ppp.org.za/

The Quaker Peace Centre, established in 1988, works to encourage creative, nonviolent resolution of conflict through awareness, co-operation and empowerment. Among its programmes are the Conflict Handling Program, which provides mediation services; the Mediation and Skills Training Programme, providing services to government, civic society, and grassroots organisations; and the Peace Education Programme, which targets students, educators, governing bodies of educational institutions, and parents. Other programmes with a conflict resolution component include the Quaker Peace Centre Youth Programme, the Community Development Programme and the Rural Support Programme. Staff: 6. Budget: $100,000 - $500,000. Publications: Resolving Conflicts Creatively, workshops; Young People Handling Conflict, training course; Lifeskills, collection of workshops. For more information: Jeremy Routledge, director, 3 Rye Road, Mowbray, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; telephone +27 (21) 685 7800; fax +27 (21) 686 8167; email qpc@wn.apc.org ; web site http://www.quaker.org/capetown/

Sakha Ukuthula (Educating for Peace in South Africa) is facilitated by the Methodist Church of South Africa. It aims to contribute to a peaceful, just society and to assist in the development of people in such key areas as conflict management, interpersonal skills and visioning peace. This is carried out through workshops and the development and implementation of a formal curriculum and other learning materials directed at a range of age groups, from pre-school to adult. Sakha Ukuthula’s activities are concentrated in the northern region of South Africa. Staff: 2. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Training materials; Pre-school peace education curriculum. For more information: Kathy Lane, P.O. Box 10376 , Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; telephone +27 (11) 337 5938; fax +27 (11) 333 3254; email nomad@wn.apc.org

Sangonet - Sangonet is a regional electronic information and communications network for development and human rights workers http://www.sangonet.org.za/

South African Government Information - Information on the the South African Government including bills, acts, green papers, etc. http://www.polity.org.za/

South African Political Information Exchange - Daniel Silke is one of South Africas foremost political analysts and commentators. His work may be seen in both the South African and foreign press while he is in demand, as a guest speaker, across the globe. http://www.sapolitics.co.za/

Unofficial Site of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission - The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa. http://www.struth.org.za

The Vuleka Trust is a church-based organisation committed to community development and conflict resolution. Its main focus is on training, especially with a view to empowering grassroots groups. The Trust promotes and enhances justice and reconciliation. It facilitates and promotes conflict resolution and mediation. Besides this, it conducts skills training programmes in basic human relations, handling conflict creatively, effective negotiating skills and the design of educational events. It also conducts community services, a youth leadership training programme and a school project. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Annual newsletter. For more information: Rev. Gavin Preuss, director, P.O. Box 88, Botha’s Hill, 3660 Durban, South Africa; telephone +27 (31) 777 1363; fax +27 (31) 777 1080; email vuleka@dbn.lia.net

SUDAN:

The Sudan Catholic Information Office is a religious organisation, primarily involved in evangelical activities. Recently, a Justice, Peace and Reconciliation commission has been formed to participate fully in the programme of the New Sudan Council of Churches. The commission will focus on the implementation of peace and reconciliation in the adult Christian community. It will also study traditional ways of achieving peace and reconciliation among Southern Sudanese communities. Address: P.O.Box 21102, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 577 595/949/616; tax +254 2 577 327; email: scio@maf.org . Contact: Justin Makwach, justice, peace & reconciliation coordinator. Publications: Sudan Monthly Report

Sudanese Women’s Voice for Peace (SWVP) was established in 1994 by exiled Sudanese women living in Nairobi. SWVP promotes dialogue among all sectors of Sudanese society, but focuses especially on Sudanese women. Its three-step approach is to empower women through training, establish local capacities for peace, and advance participation in conflict resolution and the promotion of a culture of peace. SWVP attempts to forge bonds among women transcending tribal and racial boundaries. It has been active in establishing peace committees at the village level in Southern Sudan. Address: c/o P.O. Box 21123, Nairobi, Kenya; tel: +254 (2) 562 156; fax: +254 (2) 570 614; email: lpihap@africaonline.co . Publications: New Voice, newsletter; We have to sit down: Women, war and peace in Southern Sudan, in cooperation Pax Christi

Free Sudan Center - News and Info Resource for Sudan Human Rights and Political Activists http://www.sudan.cx/

Sudan Ministry Of External Relations - The Ministry of External Relations is entrusted with the conduct of the country's foreign policy and the management of its relations with other countries. http://www.sudmer.com/

Uma Party of Sudan - The Umma Party is a history making party with its roots striking deeply in the ever-giving soil of ours. Its revolutionary approach emanates from the Mahdist Revolution, which was modified by the founder of the party the late Imam Abdelrahman Al-Mahdi from military means to modern political democratic approach. http://www.umma.org/

The Disaster Management and Refugees Studies Institute (DIMARSI) is primarily involved in activities related to disaster management, providing training and engaged in advocacy on prevention and mitigation of natural and man-made disasters, but it is also involved in peace advocacy and conflict resolution work. Its Sudanese Peace Support Programme provides training to politicians, community officials, and traditional leaders. It has also launched the Sudan Campaign to Ban Landmines in a country were an estimated 2 - 2.5 million mines have been scattered across the country. Address: P.O. Box 8300, Imarat, Khartoum, Sudan; tel: +249 (11) 465 142/474 712; fax: +249 (11) 473 145; Contact: Elhadi Guma Gadal, head of research and training department.

The Sudanese Women Civil Society Network for Peace (SWCSN) consists of twenty NGOs, CBOs and consultant members, and exists to bring Sudanese women together to consolidate their efforts to attain peace in Sudan, and to promote the concept of civil society as an instrument to bring about sustained peace. Its specific objectives include facilitation of a higher profile role for Sudanese women in peace-making activities and creation of a forum where Sudanese women from all segments of society can share their peace-making experiences. Address: c/o Dr. Amina A. Rahana, Ahfad University for Women, P.O. Box 167, Khartoum,
Sudan; tel/fax: +249 (11) 467 957; email: baldorabab@hotmail.com ; Contact: Ms. Rabab Baldo, chairperson

SWAZILAND:

Political Map of Swaziland - Contains a map of Swaziland and all the boundaries and regional lines and districts. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/Libs/PCL/Map_collection/africa/Swaziland.GIF

The Peoples' United Democratic Movement of Swaziland - The Peoples' United Democratic Movement of Swaziland the official opposition of the governing party in Swaziland. PUDEMO is now banned. http://members.xoom.com/pudemo/

The Swaziland Government - This page contains information of the government of Swaziland. It contains an email directory and speeches. http://www.swazi.com/government/

TANZANIA:

African Dialogue Center for Conflict Management and Development Issues is an independent, non-profit NGO established to undertake research, provide advisory services and offer training on issues related to intra African and inter-African conflicts and development. Its programme goals include the organisation of non-governmental networks in Africa as a line of defence against violent conflict; monitoring of potential conflicts; publication of position papers on good governance and conflict prevention, management and resolution in Africa; and the development of long-term policies on prevention and peaceful resolution of African conflicts. Address: Arusha International Conference Centre, Serengeti Wing, Room 628/629, P.O. Box 6202, Arusha, Tanzania; tel: +255 578 125/577 714; fax: +255 578 482; email: adc@habari.co.tz ; Contact: Felix G.N. Mosha, coordinator

East African Co-operation (EAC) is an inter-governmental organisation with the mandate to promote regional integration and development among its member states. In its Development Strategy (1997-2000), the EAC emphasises the role of the private sector and civil society. In order to achieve economic co-operation, the EAC places a high priority on friendship and solidarity among the member-states. Primarily a vehicle for economic development through regional co-operation, the EAC nonetheless embraces the promotion of peace, security, stability and good governance as an essential part of its mandate. Address: P.O. Box 1096, Goliondoli, Arusha, Tanzania; tel: +255 574 253/8; fax: +255 574 255; email: eac@cybernet.co.tz ; Web site http://home.twiga.com/eac ; Contact: Amb Francis Kirim Muthaura, executive secretary. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: EAC News, quarterly newsletter, EAC Development Strategy, 1997-2000.

ELCT (Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania) Advocacy Desk is currently involved in a data collection project to assess conflict situations and conflict resolution capacities in Tanzania. The results will be used to build a database and to guide the organisation as it develops a more comprehensive conflict resolution program with training, research, capacity-building, consultation and advocacy components. Groups in civil society and at the grass roots level are a primary target, with a strong emphasis on inter-religious contacts. Address: P.O. Box 3033, Arusha, Tanzania; tel: +255 578 857/8; fax: +255 578 858; email: ELCTHQ@habari.co.tz ; Web site http://mission.fi/LCS/index.html ; Contact: Amani Mwenegoha, secretary general. Budget: < $25,000

Government of the Republic of Tanzania - The Official Website of the Republic of Tanzania. http://www.tanzania.go.tz/

Parliament of Tanzania Web - Information on parlimentary activities and increase awareness of the role of parliment in Tanzania. http://www.bungetz.org/

Tanzania Centre for Conflict Resolution was established in 1997 to promote awareness of the need for nonviolent approaches conflict resolution and to actively work for conflict resolution at all levels through negotiation, mediation, conciliation and other peaceful means. The Centre is involved in educational activities such as workshops, seminars and training sessions on the theory and practice of conflict resolution, including training of police officers. It is researching traditional approaches to conflict resolution in Tanzania. The organisation has acted as a mediator in several interpersonal and political conflicts. Address: P.O. Box 12069, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; tel: +255 (51) 184 065; Contact: Riziki Shahari, secretary general

TOGO:

Cafenet - (French website) Cafenet is a website that brings right to your desktop the information you need to keep in touch with what is happening in Togo and Togolese communities all around the world. The website includes a search engine to help you find anything you want on Togo. Finally, through cafenet, you can exchange addresses, meet new friends, send greeting cards and share african culture. http://www.cafenet.tg/

The National Assembly of the Republic of Togo - Official Website describing the role and functions of the National Assembly the Republic of Togo. http://www.rdd.tg/assemblee/assnat/index.html

"Peace Corps for African Renaissance"(P.C.A.R.)or "Organisation pour la Paix au Service de la Renaissance Africaine(O.P.S.R.A.) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, humanitarian and nongovernmental Organization whose Headquarters are based in LOME-TOGO WEST AFRICA. *Our Organization works for a Peace based upon Justice,Freedom,and Human Dignity:the Organization is established in response to a fundamental need for effective monitoring of the Human Rights in Africa especially in TOGO and the Promotion of Democracy. Our Organization is a young one and it need to gain experiences from others and that is why we are opened to any world - wide Organization that really wants to cooperate with us. We are a new generation of young people with a new vision and point of view working as pioneers of change. Yes the continent of Africa must change and we do have to work for this. We want to say we, the Africans. For more information, contact: ATCHADE Dossou Emmanuel, President, PCAR/OPSRA, P.O.BOX:80657, LOME-TOGO WEST AFRICA. TEl +228-949-11-59//+228-221-78-57; FAX +228-221-81-44; E-mail: opsra_pcar@hotmail.com

The Presidency of the Republic of Togo - Official Website of the Presidency of the Republic of Togo. http://www.republicoftogo.com/

The Togolese Foundation for Peace/ Fondation Togolaise pour la Paix (FTP-TFP) is an association of youths for the culture of peace. It is a non-government and non-profit organization that promotes peace, human rights, non-violence and development. We work for the development of our communities. We believe that the development of a country goes through peace. There is no development without peace. Therefore, we cultivate peace through development and sensitizing activities. Our target groups are youths as they will be the decision makers of tomorrow. We also care for woman rights as we believe that women play an important role in the development of communities and in finding solutions for conflicts. We have four domains of intervention: 1. Justice for people: Promotion of the rights of children (we use the Convention of the Rights of Children), the rights of women (according to the CEDAW), social justice, economic justice and human rights promotion. 2. Education for all: it is only through education and sensitizing that we can circulate for long term our messages of peace and prevent conflicts. Education activities and projects are child-centered and emphasize young girls access to education. We also promote adult education through adult classes. 3. Health: Are in peace, only those who have access to proper health care. Accent is put on the fight against IHV/AIDS and IST. 4. Protection of the environment: People should live in a clean environment and make a wise use of its resources. As the Togolese Foundation for Peace is a newly founded group, we are seeking experience. In this scope, we need training, documentation and sponsorship or partnership with any other group, association or organization dealing with the same subjects. Above all, we need fund for the implementation of our projects and the administration of the foundation. For more information: Paulin A. GBESSO, Executive President, Togolese Foundation for Peace/Fondation Togolaise pour la Paix (FTP-TFP), S/C Plan Togo, Sokode Program Area, BP 34, Sokode – TOGO; Phone: +228 550 05 98; Mobile: +228 911 05 97; Fax: +228 550 02 11; E-mail: ftp_tfp@yahoo.com

TUNISIA:

Arab Institute for Human Rights (AIHR) is primarily involved in educational and training activities, but it is also involved in research, conflict resolution and mediation activities, and the promotion of democracy. It played an important role in the establishment of the Arab Human Rights Information Network, has sponsored internships for members associated with the Network and conducts human rights workshops in Tunisia and elsewhere in the Arab World. AIHR publishes papers, booklets and brochures on issues concerning women, human rights, and children’s rights, including some written in simplified language. Address: 14 Rue Jahedh - El Menzah, 1004 Tunis; Tunisia; tel: +216 (1) 767 003/889; fax: +216 (1) 750 911; email: aihr.infocenter@gnet.tn ; Contact: Abdel Basset Ben Hassen, director. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Arab Journal of Human Rights, Al-Rassed - a translation of the UN's Monitor, Human Rights Periodical (bi-annual)

The Government of Tunisia - Official Website of the Government of Tunisia. http://www.ministeres.tn/

UGANDA:

Center for Conflict Resolution is involved in research, educational and training programmes, active intervention, and networking and advocacy related to conflict prevention, management and resolution. Based in Uganda, CECORE is active in Eastern and Central Africa. It seeks to empower individuals, organisations, institutions and the community to manage conflicts by applying alternative and creative means so as to promote a culture of tolerance and peace. CECORE looks to both creative conflict resolution strategies and traditional methods rooted in African society to reconcile conflicting parties. It has joined with other NGOs in the Great Lakes Region to form a coalition focusing on the region’s conflicts. Address: National Insurance Building, Pilkington Road, P.O. Box 5211, Kampala, Uganda; tel: +256 (41) 255 033; fax: +256 (41) 234 252; email: cecore@swiftuganda.com . Contact: Stella Mystica Sabiiti, executive director. Budget: < $25,000

Centre for Conflict Prevention in Uganda is involved in conflict resolution and citizen diplomacy work, policy advocacy, and the promotion of human rights and democratic development. It has programmes on mobilisation, training and rehabilitation in Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya and South Africa. The Centre promotes public awareness of the values and practice of conflict resolution and prevention. Besides this, it provides counselling services to traumatised youth. It also mobilises and empowers individuals, especially youth and women, providing them with the skills to manage community, political, economic and social conflict. Address: c/o Dr. William Kaberuka, P.O. Box 10857, Kampala, Uganda; tel/fax: +256 (41) 343 377. Contact: Bintu Juliet, project programmer. Budget: < $25,000

Foundation for Human Rights Initiative (FHRI) was established in 1991 as a result of a growing awareness among activists of the need to address more fundamentally and proactively the situation of human rights in Uganda. Key activities include paralegal training workshops at the village level. The Citizens Advice Bureau assists victims of human rights abuses and the Penal Reform Project to improve prison conditions. FHRI also organises regional educational conferences to raise public awareness of human rights broadcasts radio programmes to provide information on human rights. Address: Plot 77 Makere Hill Rd, P.O. Box 11027, Kampala, Uganda; tel: +256 (41) 530 095/6; fax: +256 (41) 540 561; email: fhri@starcom.co.ug . Contact: Livingston Sewanyana, executive director. Publications: The Defender, biannual human rights journal; Strategies for Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding, conference report, 1998

Jamii Ya Kupatanisha (JYAK) is the Ugandan branch of the International Fellowship of Reconciliation. JYAK promotes reconciliation, tolerance and common understanding among the different peoples, ideologies and cultures of Uganda, mainly through education and training. The organisation conducts peace education, peace-building and nonviolence training programmes for many different target audiences, including teachers, and is involved in vocational training and empowerment programs for disadvantaged youth, many of whom are returnees who were kidnapped by rebel fighters. It is also developing a centre for peace, vocational and development education and training. Address: 5 km Kampala - Entebbe Road, P.O. Box 198, Kampala, Uganda; tel: +256 (41) 343 757; fax: +256 (41) 345 597; email: jyak@uga.helpnet.org . Contact: Henry Odra-Raga. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Fellowship Tiding Newsletter

Peace Initiative and Research Centre (PIRC) was launched in 1998. Its mission is to promote conflict prevention and peace-building activities through close co-operation and interaction with individuals and organisations working for the promotion of peace at every level of society. The centre trains and stimulates graduate and undergraduate students in conflict prevention/resolution studies. PIRC furthermore organises seminars and workshops on conflict issues for grassroots participants as well as district and national authorities. Address: Plot 61 Oyam Road, P.O. Box 720, 00873 Lira, Uganda; fax: +256 (41) 255 556. Contact: Emmanuel Fortunatus Amai, director. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Training material

People’s Voice for Peace focuses on conflict resolution, economic development, human rights initiatives, research and documentation. The organisation was born out of the need to contribute to a more effective post-conflict recovery process and conflict prevention in Gulu District, Northern Uganda, and began in 1995 as an oral testimony documentation centre examining the causes and impacts of the armed conflict in Uganda. The organisation also supports the economic and social rehabilitation of victims of war, broadcasts a radio programme, and participates in peace education workshops and peaceful demonstrations.
Address: P.O. Box 861, Gulu, Uganda; tel: + 256 (41) 267 667; fax: + 256 (41) 250 828. Contact: Rosalba Oywa, director. Number of staff: 19. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Arms to fight, Arms to protect, Women speak out about conflicts (1995); Annual Reports

Government of Uganda - Welcome to government web site for the Republic of Uganda. http://www.government.go.ug/

Parliament of the Republic of Uganda - Parliament of the Republic of Uganda. http://www.parliament.go.ug/

The Life in Africa Foundation was founded in Uganda in 1999, in order to harness the power of the Internet to foster an increased international understanding of Africa and African people, and to make a lasting impact - through supporting microfinance in Africa - on the lives of ordinary African people who face extraordinary life challenges every single day. Through our unique FREE email publications and website, LiA provides stories and images of African hope, courage and human accomplishment which are too often missing from the world's classrooms and the news. LiA looks beyond poverty, politics and culture, to the ways that these and other issues affect the daily lives of real. Peace through understanding: International understanding begins at the level of the individual. For more than a century, Africa has been judged primarily in terms of how it has "failed" to develop according to values and expectations imposed from other cultures. Through providing a growing global audience with insights into who Africans really are, and the issues and achievements which are important in their lives, LiA broadens the collective mind, inspires the spirit, and encourages acceptance. For more information: In Uganda - PO Box 28825, Kampala Uganda. In the United States - PO Box 535, Magalia, California 95954 USA. telephone Uganda +256/41/236 700; +256/77/422 303 (mobile); email queries@lifeinafrica.com ; web site http://www.lifeinafrica.com/

PAN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION AND ADVOCACY PROGRAMME (PADEAP)was founded in 1997 as a strategic centre for the coordination of Pan African advocacy and development education initiatives.

ZAMBIA:

Mindolo Ecumenical Foundation (MEF) is a faith-based Pan-African institution working in the area of education, training and mediation. Peace education is incorporated into the curriculum of its four Pan-African training programmes for youth leaders, women, ecumenical leaders and pre-school teachers. The Foundation has recently announced a new nine-month Pan-Africa training course entitled ‘Peace Building and Conflict Transformation’, focusing on providing participants with conflict intervention skills and the tools to train others in conflict resolution. MEF is also involved in community development and mediation activities inside Zambia. Address: Box 21493, Kitwe, Zambia; tel: +260 (2) 214 572/211 488; fax: +260 (2) 211 001; email: janetps@zamnet.zm ; Contact: Janet P. Schmidt, peace education lecturer. Number of staff: 2. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Mindolo World, biannual publication

Youth Forum for Peace and Justice, please contact Ignatius M. Kabale, Youth Forum Coordinator, PO Box 23145, Kitwe, Zambia. Tel. +260 2 225-035 (fax 229-178); email janetps@zamnet.zm or mefpeace@coppernet.zm

Zambia Student Christian Movement is a faith-based organisation devoted to empowering young people to develop a vision for transformation of society within the life and mission of the church. One of its main activities is the Conflict Prevention and Resolution Programme. Through education, the organisation tries to improve the skills of government officials, members of civil society, and grassroots participants in conflict resolution and peacemaking activities. The organisation also operates a Human Rights and Civic Education Programme. The Movement networks with other similar organisations and has close relations with IFOR. Address: Ciel Plaza-off Freedom Way, P.O. Box 32834, 10101 Lusaka, Zambia. tel: +260 (1) 236 803/702 344; fax: +260 (1) 236 803/231 394; email: zscm@zamnet.zm ; Contact: Gilbert Banda, executive director. Budget: $25,000 - $100,000. Publications: Training materials

ZIMBABWE:

African Association of Political Scientists (AAPS) is a pan-African organisation of scholars whose mandate is to promote basic and primary research by African scholars in political science, public policy, political economy and related fields. It pursues its goals by conducting critical research and disseminating its findings through publication, by organising a biannual meeting of African scholars, by offering educational programmes to the university community and the general public, and by providing services and expertise to both governments and NGOs. Its programmes have included research and advice on conflict issues and advocacy. Address: P.O. Box MP 1100, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. tel: +263 (4) 739 023/5; fax: +263 (4) 730 403; email: aaps1@samara.co.zw ; Web site http://www.aaps.co.zw ; Contact: Kwane A. Ninsin, executive secretary. Number of staff: 5. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: African Newsletter, 3 times a year Journal of Political Science, bi-annual Occasional Paper Series, 3 times a year The State and Democracy in Africa, 1998

Harnessing the democratic potential of email and the internet in Zimbabwe. The NGO Network Alliance Project (NNAP) aims to strengthen the use of email and internet strategies in Zimbabwean NGOs and civil society organisations. The NNAP will make human rights and civic education information accessible to the general public from a centralised, electronic source. Immediate objectives of the project are to: 1. Develop a central Zimbabwean development and human rights portal: the portal will contain editorial material highlighting the work of the organisations hosted on the portal - kubatana means "working together". 2. Develop an electronic fact sheet for each organisation hosted on the portal. 3. Develop an e-activism page for on-line campaigns. 4. Link existing Zimbabwean NGO and civil society web sites to the portal. 5. Advertise the portal widely: locally, regionally and globally. By focusing solely on Zimbabwe and being committed to the regular updating and development of the portal, the NNAP believes that www.kubatana.net will become the most important source of Zimbabwean human rights and development information on the internet. The Benefits of being a NNAP partner: 1. The NNAP will develop an electronic fact sheet for your organisation free of charge. This fact sheet will be hosted on the portal giving you an immediate presence on the internet. 2. Your organisation's work will become better known through the NNAP's advertising campaign. 3. The NNAP will offer advice on web hosting and other internet and email related issues with the aim of demystifying the process of getting started on the internet. Should your organisation be interested in collaborating with the NNAP, we would welcome the opportunity to meet and discuss the project in more detail. Contact us to discuss your organisation's requirements at: Telephone: +263-(0)4-495484; Fax: +263-(0)4-495484; Postal: P.O.Box GD376, Greendale, Harare, Zimbabwe; email nnap@kubatana.org.zw ; web site http://www.kubatana.net

Southern African Regional Institute for Policy Studies (SARIPS) is an international network of academics, students, researchers and policy makers addressing issues of regional, political and economic cooperation in Southern Africa. Its primary activities in the field of conflict prevention involve data collection, research and fact-finding. The organisation has recently established a peace and security database, which collects information from Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries. The SARIPS has been involved in discussions concerning the conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, including efforts to bring all parties together for talks. Address: P.O. Box MP 111, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. tel: +263 (4) 727 875/726 060; fax: +263 (4) 732 735; email: docs@sapes.org.zw ; Web site http://www.sapes.org.zw ; Contact: Ibbo Mandaza, chair. Budget: > $1,000,000. Publications: Southern Africa Political Economy Monthly, Policy Studies, journal, State and Democracy, book series, Occasional Papers series

Young Africa is an independent non-governmental organisation for participatory development cooperation. Young Africa is governed by a Board of Trustees, consisting of seven volunteer members from different working areas: industries, social work, street children project, human rights and a due representation of the beneficiary local community. Two board members are the project coordinators. They are responsible for the day-to-day management and the execution of the projects. Young Africa is the legal owner of all projects in Zimbabwe. Young Africa is registered in Zimbabwe as a 'Charitable Trust' with the Registrar of Deeds, no. M.A. 1343/98. http://youngafrica.com/

Zimbabwe Government Online - Official Website of the Zimbabwe Government. http://www.gta.gov.zw/

The main priority of the Zimbabwe Human Rights Association (ZimRights) is ‘to develop a culture of human rights among individuals and all sectors of society in Zimbabwe’. In 1998, the Association launched the Economic and Social Rights Outreach Programme. It aims to resolve conflicts by promoting development, democracy, respect for human rights, justice and reconciliation using traditional and modern mechanisms. ZimRights is also engaged in a Civic Education Programme to promote human rights awareness, provides para-legal counselling, conducts research, and carries out investigations into alleged human rights violations. Address: P.O. Box 3951, Harare, Zimbabwe. tel: +263 (4) 775 762 / 755 828; fax: +263 (4) 755 829; Contact: David C. Jamali, field officer. Budget: < $25,000. Publications: Monthly newsletter, Quarterly bulletin